The scope of the File Encryption Enterprise Management PP-Module is to describe the security functionality of a file encryption
enterprise management product in terms of [CC] and to define functional and assurance requirements for such products.
This PP-Module is intended for use with the following Base-PP
Application Software Protection Profile, Version 1.3
This Base-PP is valid because a file encryption enterprise management product is
a 3rd party application.
The use case for a product conforming to the FE module is to protect data at rest on a device
that is lost or stolen while powered off without any prior access by an adversary. The use case
where an adversary obtains a device that is in a powered state and is able to make modifications
to the environment or the TOE itself (e.g., evil maid attacks) is not addressed by that module. The module
does contain protections to mitigate the potential for attack with a powered on device, but they are not sufficient
to protect data from a skilled adversary with physical access.
While that use case is still true for the Enterprise Management PP-Module, this PP-module also
expands the use case to include protecting the communications between the Enterprise
Management Server and the client device through the use of a trusted channel. It also expands
the use case to include the optional abilities of the EM to interact with clients (with proper
authorization), to direct it to perform sanitation of keys and material on the device,
to manage and store parts of the key chain required for decryption on the client, or to issue a
recovery credential to reset the authentication factor if it has been lost.
The TOE and Its Supporting Environment:
The environment in which the EM functions is expected to exist is on a back end server, not
on the endpoint system. It is expected to have secure access to a management system
(e.g. Active Directory) and access to a means of storing key material when not in use.
The EM shall not have the ability to access the secured stored key material without verification
of access authority by the LDAP.
The Operating System environment may make a full range of services available to the
Enterprise Management PP-Module, including hardware drivers, cryptographic libraries, and
perhaps other services external to the TOE.
The EM TOE may include or leverage features and functions within the operational
environment.
1.2 Terms
The following sections provide both Common Criteria and technology terms used in this PP-Module.
1.2.1 Common Criteria Terms
Assurance
Grounds for confidence that a TOE meets the SFRs [CC1].
Common Criteria (CC)
Common Criteria for Information Technology Security
Evaluation.
Distributed TOE
A TOE composed of multiple components operating as a logical whole. Specifically for the FE EM, it is an FE EM solution with multiple FE endpoints.
Operational Environment
Hardware and software that are outside the TOE boundary that support the
TOE functionality and security policy, including the platform, its firmware, and
the operating system.
Protection Profile (PP)
An implementation-independent set of security requirements for a category
of products.
A value that a user knows, has, or is (e.g. password, token, etc.) submitted
to the TOE to establish that the user is in the community authorized to access the requested material.
Entropy Source
This cryptographic function provides a seed for a random bit generator by
accumulating the outputs from one or more noise sources. The functionality includes a
measure of the minimum work required to guess a given output and tests to ensure that
the noise sources are operating properly.
Key Sanitization
A method of sanitizing encrypted data by securely overwriting the key, as described in the key destruction requirement, that was encrypting the data.
File/Set of files
The user data that is selected to be encrypted, which can include
individual file encryption (with a FEK per file) or a set of files encrypted with a
single FEK.
File Encryption Key (FEK)
The key that is used by the encryption algorithm to encrypt the selected
user data on the host machine.
Key Chaining
The method of using multiple layers of encryption keys to protect data.
A top layer key encrypts a lower layer key which encrypts the data; this method can have any number of layers.
Key Encryption Key (KEK)
The key that is used to encrypt another key.
Keying Escrow
The process of exporting a key to an alternate location.
Keying material
Key material is commonly known as critical security parameter (CSP) data, and also includes authorization data, nonces, and metadata.
Key Release Key
A key used to release another key from storage, it is not used for the direct derivation or decryption of another key.
Noise Source
The component of an RBG that contains the non-deterministic,
entropy-producing activity.
Non-Volatile Memory
A type of computer memory that will retain information without power.
Powered-Off State
The device has been shut down.
Protected Data
This refers to all files designated by the user for encryption.
Random Bit Generator (RBG)
A cryptographic function composed of an entropy source and DRBG that is
invoked for random bits needed to produce keying material.
Registration
The initial process of associating and endpoint and/or user with the server.
Submask
A submask is a bit string that can be generated and stored in a number of ways.
System Identity
A composition of a series of identifiers that may vary, but aim to identity and associate with a specific system.
1.3 Compliant Targets of Evaluation
The target of evaluation for this PP-Module is the Enterprise Management (EM) function of a FE solution. The following section provides an overview of the security functionality of this PP-module.
1.3.1 TOE Boundary
The application, which consists of the software provided by its vendor,
is installed onto the platform(s) it operates on. It executes on the platform, which
may be an operating system, hardware environment,
a software based execution environment,
or some combination of these. Those platforms may themselves run within other
environments, such as virtual machines or operating systems, that completely abstract away the underlying hardware
from the application. The TOE is not accountable for security functionality that is implemented by
platform layers that are abstracted away.
Some evaluation activities are specific to the particular platform
on which the application runs, in order to provide precision and
repeatability. The only platforms currently recognized by [AppPP] and this module are those specified in SFR Evaluation Activities.
To test on a platform for which there are no EAs, a Vendor should contact NIAP with recommended EAs.
NIAP will determine if the proposed platform is appropriate for the PP and accept, reject,
or develop EAs as necessary in coordination with the technical community.
The TOE includes
any software in the application installation package, even those pieces that may
extend or modify the functionality of the underlying platform, such as kernel drivers.
BIOS and other firmware, the operating system kernel,
and other systems software (and drivers) provided as part of the
platform are outside the scope of this document.
1.4 Use Cases
[USE CASE 1] Enterprise Management
The use case for this PP-Module is protecting the communications between the Enterprise
Management Server and the client device through the use of a trusted channel. Including the optional abilities of the EM to interact with clients (with proper
authorization), to direct it to perform sanitation of keys and material on the device,
to manage and store parts of the key chain required for decryption on the client, or to issue a
recovery credential to reset the authentication factor if it has been lost.
2 Conformance Claims
Conformance Statement
This PP-Module inherits exact conformance as required from the specified Base-PP and as defined in the [CC] and CEM addenda for Exact Conformance, Selection-Based SFRs, and Optional SFRs (dated May 2017).
This PP-Module is conformant to Parts 2 (extended) and 3 (extended) of Common Criteria Version 3.1, Revision 5 [CC].
The following PPs and PP-Modules are allowed to be specified in a PP-Configuration with this PP-Module.
PP-Module for VPN Client, Version 2.1
PP-Module for File Encryption, Version 2.0
If claiming compliance to a PP-Configuration that includes multiple PP-Modules, the ST author must ensure any duplicative SFRs are iterated using unique identifiers. This will allow the reader to easily determine which iteration applies to each TOE component.
Package Claims
This PP-Module is TLS Package Version 1.1
Conformant.
3 Security Problem Description
The primary asset that is being protected
is the sensitive user data stored on a system. The threat model thus focuses on a host machine
that has been compromised by an unauthorized user. This section addresses threats to the TOE
only.
3.1 Threats
T.KEYING_MATERIAL_COMPROMISE_SERVER
Possession of any of the keys, authorization factors, submasks, and random numbers
or any other values that contribute to the creation of keys or authorization factors could allow an unauthorized user to defeat
the encryption. This PP-Module considers possession of key material of equal importance to the data itself. Threat agents may
look for key material in unencrypted storage on the Management Server and in external databases in the operating environment (OE), e.g. SQL database.
T.MAN_IN_THE_MIDDLE
An attacker listening on the
communication between the Management Server and the Client(s) to obtain the user’s credential, keys, or recovery material.
T.UNAUTHORIZED_ADMINISTRATOR_ACCESS
An attacker masquerading as an administrator to the Management Server to gain access to TOE management functionality to gain unauthorized access to protected data
or prevent legitimate users from gaining authorized access.
T.UNTRUSTED_COMMUNICATION_CHANNELS
An attacker targeting the Management Server
using insecure tunneling protocols or the presence of an unencrypted path to disclose keys, key material, or recovery
material transferred between the endpoint and the Management Server.
T.UNAUTHORIZED_DATA_ACCESS_ENDPOINT
An attacker
accessing the data on the encrypted file(s) by getting access to a protected file(s), attaching it to a host system controlled
by the attacker and using the key material, or optionally a recovery credential to access the data. The file encryption module addresses
the primary threat of unauthorized disclosure of recovery material.
T.UNAUTHORIZED_DATA_ACCESS_SERVER
An attacker accessing the Management Server and generating a recovery key chain for an endpoint.
The File Encryption PP-Module addresses the primary threat of unauthorized disclosure of data protected on the endpoint;
this adds the Management Server to the scope of the threat.
3.2 Assumptions
These assumptions are made on the Operational Environment in order to be able to ensure that the
security functionality specified in the PP-Module can be provided by the TOE. If the TOE is placed in an
Operational Environment that does not meet these assumptions, the TOE may no longer be able to
provide all of its security functionality.
A.ENVIRONMENTAL_STORAGE
Any key storage mechanism provided by the Operational Environment is able to provide the same level of security as a TOE-internal storage mechanism that is conformant to this PP-Configuration.
A.PHYSICAL_SERVER
The platform on which the Management Server resides is physically protected in its Operational Environment and not subject to physical attacks that compromise the security and/or interfere with the platform’s correct operation.
A.SECURED_CONFIGURATION
The Management Server and the remote endpoints are installed and configured in accordance with their evaluated configuration.
A.SECURED_ENVIRONMENT
Any environmental components required to support the functionality of the Management Server (e.g. underlying operating system, firewall, database) are installed and configured in accordance with its proper configuration.
3.3 Organizational Security Policies
There are no Organizational Security Policies for the PP-Module.
4 Security Objectives
The Security Problem described in
Section 3 will be addressed by a combination of cryptographic capabilities. Compliant TOEs
will provide security functionality that addresses threats to the TOE and enforces policies
that are imposed by law and regulation. The following subsections provide a description of the
security objectives required to meet the threats/policies previously discussed. The
description of these security objectives are in addition to that described in the [AppPP].
Note: in each subsection below particular security objectives are
identified (highlighted by O.) and they are matched with the associated security functional
requirements (SFRs) that provide the mechanisms to satisfy the objectives.
The Security
Objectives are the requirements for the Target of Evaluation (TOE) and for the Operational
Environment derived from the threats in Section 3.
4.1 Security Objectives for the TOE
O.ENTERPRISE_KEY_PROTECTION
Protection of Key Material: FPT_KYP_EXT.2 requires that the key material, and optionally recovery credentials
be uniquely associated with the endpoint at a minimum. Additionally, key material may also be associated with a
specific system or user to prevent an attacker from accessing the data on the endpoint by transferring the data
in a host with weaker security. A product which distributes keys to meet the requirements of FPT_KYP_EXT.2 will
additionally prevent an attacker from gaining access to the encrypted data. Addressed by: FPT_KYP_EXT.2
O.KEY_MATERIAL_SERVER
Key Material Server:
The keying material that threat agents may attempt to compromise are generated by the TOE as specified by FCS_CKM.1(2).
One or more submasks may be utilized on the endpoint to protect the FEK or a KEK, part of the keychain to protect that
is stored on the server for additional authorization or recovery. The server key chain can be maintained by several methods,
including:
Key establishment [FCS_CKM.2]
Key derivation [FCS_KDF_EXT.1]
Key wrapping [FCS_COP.1(5)]
Key combining [FCS_SMC_EXT.1]
Key encryption [FCS_COP.1(7)]
Key Transport [FCS_COP.1(6)]
Key chains may be maintained using asymmetric [FCS_CKM_EXT.1] and/or symmetric [FCS_CKM.1(2)].
These requirements ensure keys are properly generated and protected. If selected, FMT_MOF.1 ensures that
only administrators can select the encryption algorithms and key sizes. Only administrators can perform management
functions on the Enterprise Management Server as defined in FMT_SMF.1.
FCS_KYC_EXT.1 extends the requirements of File Encryption PP-Module key chaining to key chains generated or maintained by the Server.
FPT_ITT.1 ensures that keys and key material transported between the EM and the endpoint are protected.
FPT_KYP_EXT.1 ensures unwrapped key material is not stored in non-volatile memory minimizing the exposure of plaintext keys and key material.
FTP_DIT_EXT.1 specifies the protocols used to ensure that key material is not exposed through the communication channel between an Enterprise Server and the endpoint. The requirements for establishing keys are validated by FCS_CKM.2 which relies on the SFRs or package claims selected in FTP_DIT_EXT.1
to implement secure communications.
The various iterations of FCS_COP.1 as well as FCS_RBG_EXT.1 all validate that the cryptography used to initiate and protect
the communication channel protocols between the Enterprise Server and the endpoint, if remote management is supported by the TSF. If implemented
on the server, FCS_CKM_EXT.4 ensures proper destruction of keys and key material on the server when no longer needed.
In order to ensure that a key is only released to the appropriate endpoint, FCS_KYP_EXT.3 ensures that there is attribution of the endpoint
or encrypted file(s) and a key. The optional Server requirement FCS_CKM.2 ensures that if a key is communicated between the server and the
endpoint, keys distributed by the server are given to the correct endpoint for the purpose of delivering a key.
Recovery Protection: FIA_UAU.1 requires the administrator to be authenticated prior to allowing the administrator
to manage the product via the remote console. FIA_UID.1 requires the admin to be identified prior to allowing the administrator to manage the
product via the remote console. FMT_MTD.1 requires that actions which result in changes to key material, user authentication policy and recovery
are constrained to administrators and specific times. FMT_SMR.2 requires users be assigned roles. FCS_VAL_EXT.1(2) requires user
authentication to be validated by the Operational Environment or the TOE prior to releasing a recovery value and FCS_VAL_EXT.2(2) specifies what happens
if the validation fails. Recovery methods are defined by FIA_REC_EXT.1 and FIA_CHR_EXT.1.
The optional capability which may be provided by the TSF would include encryption of data stored on the server, as validated by
FCS_COP.1(1); and certificate-based authentication, validated by FIA_X509_EXT.2 and validation, as validated by FIA_X509_EXT.1.
Addressed by: FCS_COP.1(1) (from Base-PP), FIA_X509_EXT.1 (from Base-PP), FIA_X509_EXT.2 (from Base-PP), FCS_VAL_EXT.1(2), FCS_VAL_EXT.2(2), FIA_REC_EXT.1, FIA_UAU.1, FIA_UID.1, FMT_MTD.1, FMT_SMR.2, FIA_CHR_EXT.1 (selection-based)
O.SECURE_CHANNEL
Secure Channel: FPT_ITT.1 ensures protection of intra TOE communication and FTP_DIT_EXT.1 covers all transmitted sensitive data. If server side key generation is implemented,
FCS_CKM.1(1) ensures sufficiently strong keys correctly generated on the server to meet the requirements of FTP_TRP.1.
Products implementing cryptographic communication protocols between the server and managed endpoints must meet the requirements
for the specific protocols as defined in any of {FCS_HTTPS_EXT.1, PP-Module for VPN Client, FCS_SSHC_EXT.1,
FCS_SSHS_EXT.1, FCS_TLSC_EXT.1, FCS_TLSS_EXT.1}
If the EM Server generates signatures to request or verify certificates, FCS_COP.1(1) ensures correct cryptographic
operation in signature generation process.
The TOE is not required to support remote administration. If it does, FTP_TRP.1 addresses the threat of disclosure of keys, key material, or recovery material transferred between
the endpoint or a remote administrator and the Management Server when transmitted over untrusted communication channels
by requiring use of IPsec, SSH, TLS, and/or TLS/HTTPS protocols when such data passes through those channels.
FTP_DIT_EXT.1, which is modified from its definition in the Base-PP to mandate the use of at least one trusted communications protocol, specifies the
protocols used to ensure that data in transit over this channel is secured.
FIA_X509_EXT.1, FIA_X509_EXT.2, and FIA_X509_EXT.3 ensure
the communication channel is established only with a server that is authenticated. FCS_COP.1(1) ensures correct generation of cryptographic signatures.
If the TSF generates password authorization factors, the requirements of FCS_PCC_EXT.1 and FCS_CKM_EXT.6 ensure that the password data is not subjected
to unauthorized disclosure or brute force attack.
Addressed by: FTP_DIT_EXT.1 (modified from Base-PP), FCS_CKM.1(1) (from Base-PP), FCS_COP.1(1) (from Base-PP), FCS_COP.1(3) (from Base-PP), FCS_RBG_EXT.1 (from Base-PP), FIA_X509_EXT.1 (from Base-PP), FIA_X509_EXT.2 (from Base-PP), FIA_X509_EXT.3 (from Base-PP), FPT_ITT.1, FCS_CKM_EXT.6 (selection-based), FTP_TRP.1 (selection-based)
O.VERIFIED_ADMIN
Verified Admin: FIA_UAU.1 requires that the administrator be authenticated by the EM, which is verified by FCS_VAL_EXT.1(1). If the TSF is responsible for this verification, FCS_VAL_EXT.2(1)
describes the behavior that the TOE enforces if the validation fails.
The administrator is required by FIA_UID.1 to successfully authenticate to the EM prior to being permitted to perform management functions.
Addressed by: FCS_VAL_EXT.1(1), FIA_UAU.1, FIA_UID.1, FCS_VAL_EXT.2(1) (selection-based)
4.2 Security Objectives for the Operational Environment
The Operational Environment of the TOE implements technical and procedural measures to assist the TOE in correctly providing its security functionality (which is defined by the security objectives for the TOE).
The security objectives for the Operational Environment consist of a set of statements describing the goals that the Operational Environment should achieve.
This section defines the security objectives that are to be addressed by the IT domain or by non-technical or procedural means. The assumptions identified in Section 3 are incorporated as security objectives for the environment.
OE.ENVIRONMENTAL_STORAGE
If the TOE relies on the Operational Environment for key storage, the storage mechanism will
provide at least the same level of security as a TOE-internal storage mechanism as defined by FPT_KYP_EXT.1.
OE.PHYSICAL_SERVER
The Operating environment will provide a cryptographic function capability
that is commensurate with the requirements and capabilities of the TOE as defined in FCS_KYC_EXT.1.
OE.SECURED_CONFIGURATION
The Management Server and remote endpoints are configured in accordance with its associated operational guidance
so that the level of security that is provided by the TOE is consistent with its evaluated configuration.
OE.SECURED_ENVIRONMENT
The components of the Management Server’s underlying platform are configured in accordance with their associated
operational guidance so that the TOE is deployed in an environment that is consistent with its evaluated configuration.
4.3 Security Objectives Rationale
This section describes how the assumptions, threats, and organization security policies map to the security objectives.
Threat, Assumption, or OSP
Security Objectives
Rationale
T.KEYING_MATERIAL_COMPROMISE_SERVER
O.KEY_MATERIAL_SERVER
The threat T.KEYING_MATERIAL_COMPROMISE_SERVER is countered by O.KEY_MATERIAL_SERVER as this
provides for proper protection of key material on the server.
T.MAN_IN_THE_MIDDLE
O.SECURE_CHANNEL
The threat T.MAN_IN_THE_MIDDLE is countered by O.SECURE_CHANNEL as this
protects against man in the middles attacks.
T.UNAUTHORIZED_ADMINISTRATOR_ACCESS
O.VERIFIED_ADMIN
The threat T.UNAUTHORIZED_ADMINISTRATOR_ACCESS is countered by O.VERIFIED_ADMIN as this
provides methods to verify the administrator.
T.UNTRUSTED_COMMUNICATION_CHANNELS
O.SECURE_CHANNEL
The threat T.UNTRUSTED_COMMUNICATION_CHANNELS is countered by O.SECURE_CHANNEL as this
provides a trusted channel for any server endpoint communications.
T.UNAUTHORIZED_DATA_ACCESS_ENDPOINT
O.ENTERPRISE_KEY_PROTECTION
The threat T.UNAUTHORIZED_DATA_ACCESS_ENDPOINT is countered by O.ENTERPRISE_KEY_PROTECTION as this
provides for encryption of keys that protect data.
T.UNAUTHORIZED_DATA_ACCESS_SERVER
O.RECOVERY_PROTECTION
The threat T.UNAUTHORIZED_DATA_ACCESS_SERVER is countered by O.RECOVERY_PROTECTION as this
provides for protection of recovery information.
A.ENVIRONMENTAL_STORAGE
OE.ENVIRONMENTAL_STORAGE
The operational environment objective OE.ENVIRONMENTAL_STORAGE is realized through A.ENVIRONMENTAL_STORAGE.
A.PHYSICAL_SERVER
OE.PHYSICAL_SERVER
The operational environment objective OE.PHYSICAL_SERVER is realized through A.PHYSICAL_SERVER.
A.SECURED_CONFIGURATION
OE.SECURED_CONFIGURATION
The operational environment objective OE.SECURED_CONFIGURATION is realized through A.SECURED_CONFIGURATION.
A.SECURED_ENVIRONMENT
OE.SECURED_ENVIRONMENT
The operational environment objective OE.SECURED_ENVIRONMENT is realized through A.SECURED_ENVIRONMENT.
5 Security Requirements
This chapter describes the security requirements
which have to be fulfilled by the product under evaluation. Those requirements comprise functional
components from Part 2 and assurance components from Part 3 of [CC]. The
following notations are used:
Refinement operation (denoted by bold text or strikethrough
text): is used to add details to a requirement (including replacing an assignment
with a more restrictive selection) or to remove part of the requirement that is made irrelevant
through the completion of another operation, and thus further restricts a requirement.
Selection (denoted by italicized text): is used to select one or more options
provided by the [CC] in stating a requirement.
Assignment operation (denoted by italicized text): is used to assign a
specific value to an unspecified parameter, such as the length of a password. Showing the
value in square brackets indicates assignment.
Iteration operation: are identified with a number inside parentheses (e.g.
"(1)")
5.1 App
PP Security Functional Requirements Direction
The TOE is expected to rely on some of the security functions implemented by the application as a whole and evaluated against [AppPP].
The following section describe any modifications that the ST author must make to the SFRs defined in the Base-PP in addition to what is mandated by section 5.2.
5.1.1
Modified SFRs
The SFRs listed in this section are defined in the App Protection Profile and relevant to the secure operation of the TOE.
encrypt all transmitted
[selection: sensitive data, data] with
[selection: HTTPS in accordance with FCS_HTTPS_EXT.1 (from [AppPP]), TLS as defined in the TLS Package, DTLS as defined in the TLS Package, SSH as conforming to the Extended Package for Secure Shell]
,
invoke platform-provided functionality to encrypt all transmitted sensitive data with
[selection: HTTPS, TLS, DTLS, SSH]
,
invoke platform-provided functionality to encrypt all transmitted data with
[selection: HTTPS, TLS, DTLS, SSH]
]
between itself and another trusted IT product.
Application Note: This SFR is modified from its definition in the Base-PP by removing the first selection (where the application does not transmit any data or sensitive data).
By definition, a TOE that conforms to this PP-Module must have the ability to transmit sensitive data to another trusted IT product.
If encrypt all transmitted is selected and TLS is selected, then evaluation of elements from either FCS_TLSC_EXT.1 or FCS_TLSS_EXT.1 is required.
If encrypt all transmitted is selected and HTTPS is selected, FCS_HTTPS_EXT.1 is required.
If encrypt all transmitted is selected and DTLS is selected, FCS_DTLS_EXT.1 is required.
If encrypt all transmitted is selected and SSH is selected, the TSF is required to be validated against the Extended Package for Secure Shell.
If encrypt all transmitted is selected the corresponding FCS_COP.1 requirements will be included.
5.2 TOE Security Functional Requirements
The following section describes the SFRs that must be satisfied by any TOE that claims conformance to this PP-Module.
These SFRs must be claimed regardless of which PP-Configuration is used to define the TOE.
The TSF shall destroy cryptographic keys in accordance with a specified cryptographic key destruction method
[selection:
For volatile memory, the destruction shall be executed by a
[selection:
single overwrite consisting of
[selection: a pseudo-random pattern using the TSF's RBG, zeroes, ones, new value of a key, [assignment: any value that does not contain any CSP]]
,
removal of power to the memory,
destruction of reference to the key directly followed by a request for garbage collection
]
,
For non-volatile memory, the destruction shall be executed by
[selection:
destruction of all KEKs protecting the target key,
where none of the KEKs protecting the target key are derived
,
the invocation of an interface provided by the underlying platform that
[selection:
logically addresses the storage location of the key and performs a
[selection: single, [assignment: ST author defined multi-pass]]
overwrite consisting of
[selection: a pseudo-random pattern using the TSF's RBG, zeroes, ones, new value of a key, [assignment: any value that does not contain any CSP]]
,
instructs the underlying platform to destroy the abstraction that represents the key
]
]
].
Application Note:
The interface referenced in the requirement could take different forms, the most likely
of which is an application programming interface to an OS kernel. There may be various levels of abstraction visible.
For instance, in a given implementation that overwrites a key stored in non-volatile memory, the application may have
access to the file system details and may be able to logically address specific memory locations. In another
implementation that instructs the underlying platform to destroy the representation of a key stored in non-volatile
memory, the application may simply have a handle to a resource and can only ask the platform to delete the resource,
as may be the case with a platforms secure key store. The latter implementation should only be used for the most
restricted access. The level of detail to which the TOE has access will be reflected in the TSS section of the ST.
Several selections allow assignment of a 'value that does not contain any CSP'. This means that the TOE uses some
other specified data not drawn from a source that may contain key material or reveal information about key material,
and not being any of the particular values listed as other selection options. The point of the phrase 'does not contain
any CSP' is to ensure that the overwritten data is carefully selected, and not taken from a general 'pool' that might
contain current or residual data that itself requires confidentiality protection.
For the selection "destruction of all KEKs protecting target key, where
none of the KEKs protecting the target key are derived", a key can be considered destroyed by destroying the key that
protects the key. If a key is wrapped or encrypted it is not necessary to "overwrite" that key, overwriting the key
that is used to wrap or encrypt the key used to encrypt/decrypt data, using the appropriate method for the memory
type involved, will suffice. For example, if a product uses a Key Encryption Key (KEK) to encrypt a File Encryption
Key (FEK), destroying the KEK using one of the methods in FCS_CKM_EXT.4 is sufficient, since the FEK would no longer
be usable (of course, presumes the FEK is still encrypted and the KEK cannot be recovered or re-derived).
The TSF shall destroy all keys and key material when no longer needed.
Application Note:
Keys, including intermediate keys and key material that are no longer
needed are destroyed by using an approved method, FCS_CKM_EXT.4.1. Examples of keys are
intermediate keys, submasks. There may be instances where keys or key material
that are contained in persistent storage are no longer needed and require destruction.
Base on their implementation, vendors will explain when certain keys are no longer needed. There
are multiple situations in which key material is no longer necessary, for example, a wrapped
key may need to be destroyed when a password is changed. However, there are instances
when keys are allowed to remain in memory, for example, a device identification key. If a
PIN was used for a smart card and managed by the TOE, ensuring that the PIN was properly destroyed must be addressed.
use platform-provided functionality to perform Key Wrapping,
implement functionality to perform Key Wrapping in accordance with a specified cryptographic algorithm [AES] in the following modes
[selection:
Key Wrap,
Key Wrap with Padding,
GCM mode,
CCM mode
] and the cryptographic key size
[selection: 128 bits (AES), 256 bits (AES)] that meet the following:
[selection:
“NIST SP 800-38C”,
“NIST SP 800-38D”,
“NIST SP 800-38F”
]
and no other standards
].
Application Note:
This applies to any key wrapping occurring on the enterprise server.
This requirement is used in the body of the ST if the ST author chooses to
use key wrapping in the key chaining approach that is specified in FCS_KYC_EXT.1.
perform [key transport] in accordance with a
specified cryptographic algorithm [RSA in the following modes
[selection: KTS-OAEP, KTS-KEM-KWS] and the cryptographic key size
[selection: 3072, 4096]bits that meet the following: [NIST SP 800-56B, Revision 1].
].
Application Note:
This requirement is used in the body of the ST if the ST author chooses to
use key transport in the key chaining approach that is specified in FCS_KYC_EXT.1.
use platform-provided functionality to perform Key Wrapping,
perform [key encryption and decryption] in accordance with a specified cryptographic algorithm [AES used in CBC mode] and cryptographic key sizes
[selection:
128,
256
] bits that meet the following:
[AES as specified in SP 800-38A].
].
Application Note:
This applies to any key encryption occurring on the enterprise server.
This requirement is used in the body of the ST if the ST author chooses to
use AES encryption/decryption for protecting the keys as part of the key chaining approach
that is specified in FCS_KYC_EXT.1.
accept
[selection: a submask generated by an RBG as specified in FCS_RBG_EXT.1 (from [AppPP]), a conditioned password, an imported submask] to derive an intermediate key, as defined in
[selection:
NIST SP 800-108
[selection: KDF in Counter Mode, KDF in Feedback Mode, KDF in Double-Pipeline Iteration Mode]
,
NIST SP 800-132
] using the keyed-hash functions specified in FCS_COP.1(4)(from [AppPP]), such that the output is at least of
equivalent security strength (in number of bits) to the [FEK(s)]
].
Application Note:
This applies to any key derivation occurring on the enterprise server.
This requirement establishes acceptable methods for generating a new random key or an
existing submask to create a new key along the key chain.
The TSF shall maintain a key chain of [[intermediate keys] originating from one or more initial
[selection: submask(s), recovery value(s)] to [the final value returned to the endpoint]
using the following method(s):
[selection:
utilization of the platform key storage,
utilization of platform key storage that performs key wrap with a
TSF provided key,
implementation of key derivation as specified in FCS_KDF_EXT.1,
implementation of key wrapping as specified in FCS_COP.1(5),
implementation of key combining as specified in FCS_SMC_EXT.1,
implementation of key encryption as specified in FCS_COP.1(7),
implementation of key transport as specified in FCS_COP.1(6)
]
while maintaining an effective strength of
[selection:
[selection: 128 bits, 256 bits] for symmetric keys
,
[selection: 128 bits, 192 bits, 256 bits] for asymmetric keys
]
commensurate with the strength of the FEK
and
[selection:
no supplemental key chains,
other supplemental key chains that protect a key or keys in the primary key chain using the following method(s):
[selection:
utilization of the platform key storage,
utilization of platform key storage that performs key wrap with a
TSF provided key,
implementation of key wrapping as specified in FCS_COP.1(5),
implementation of key combining as specified in FCS_SMC_EXT.1,
implementation of key encryption as specified in FCS_COP.1(7),
implementation of key transport as specified in FCS_COP.1(6),
implementation of key derivation as specified in FCS_KDF_EXT.1
]
].
Application Note:
Key Chaining is the method of using multiple layers of
encryption keys to ultimately secure the a final key. The number of intermediate keys will
vary. The ST Author should clearly indicate which portions of the key chain are created and
maintained by the enterprise server and which are created and maintained by the endpoint.
This requirement is in addition to the same requirement in the File Encryption Module,
it covers a different section of the keychain, if both modules are included both requirements must be included.
combine submasks using the following method [selection: exclusive OR (XOR), SHA-256, SHA-384, SHA-512, HMAC-SHA-256, HMAC-SHA-384, HMAC-SHA-512] to generate an intermediate key
].
Application Note:
This applies to any submask combining occurring on the enterprise server.
This requirement specifies the way that a product may combine the
various submasks by using either an XOR or an approved SHA-hash.
The TSF shall perform validation of the [admin] by
[selection:
receiving assertion of the subject's validity from [assignment: Operational Environment component responsible for authentication],
validating the [selection: submask, intermediate key] using the following methods: [selection:
key wrap as specified in FCS_COP.1(5),
hash the
[selection: submask, intermediate key, FEK] as specified in FCS_COP.1(2)(from [AppPP]) and compare it to a stored hash,
decrypt a known value using the
[selection: submask, intermediate key, FEK] as specified in FCS_COP.1(1)(from [AppPP]) and compare it against a stored known value
The TSF shall require validation of the [admin] prior to [permitting the actions described in FMT_MTD.1.1 and FMT_SMF.1.1(2)].
Application Note:
This PP-Module performs validation of any administrator credential on the management server, as described in FIA_AUT_EXT.1.1,
used to log in to the EM in accordance with this SFR.
The TSF shall perform validation of the [user] by
[selection:
receiving assertion of the subject's validity from [assignment: Operational Environment component responsible for authentication],
validating the [selection: submask, intermediate key] using the following methods: [selection:
key wrap as specified in FCS_COP.1(5),
hash the
[selection: submask, intermediate key, FEK] as specified in FCS_COP.1(2)(from [AppPP]) and compare it to a stored hash,
decrypt a known value using the
[selection: submask, intermediate key, FEK] as specified in FCS_COP.1(1)(from [AppPP]) and compare it against a stored known value
[[selection: direct the endpoint to perform key sanitization, perform key sanitization]
of FEK(s) or an intermediate key] upon [assignment: ST specified number or configurable range of] consecutive failed validation attempts,
institute a delay such that only [assignment: ST author specified number or configurable range of attempts] can be made within a 24 hour period,
block validation after [assignment: ST author specified number or configurable range of attempts] of consecutive failed validation attempts,
terminate the session after [assignment: ST author specified number or configurable range of attempts] of consecutive failed validation attempts
The TSF shall
[selection: receive assertion of the user’s validity from:
[assignment: Operational Environment component responsible for user authentication], provide authorization] based on
[selection:
a password authorization factor conditioned as defined in FCS_CKM_EXT.6,
an external smart card factor that is at least the same bit-length as the FEK(s), and is protecting a submask that is
[selection: generated by the TOE (using the RBG as specified in FCS_RBG_EXT.1 (from [AppPP])), generated by the platform] protected using RSA with key size
[selection: 3072 bits, 4096 bits] with user presence proved by presentation of the smart card and
[selection: no PIN, an OE defined PIN, a configurable PIN]
,
an external USB token factor that is at least the same security strength as the FEK(s),
and is providing a submask generated by the
[selection: TOE, using the RBG as specified in FCS_RBG_EXT.1 (from [AppPP]), platform]
].
Application Note:
This applies to the authorization of administrators on the enterprise server.
FCS_RBG_EXT.1 is in the Application Software Protection Profile.
This requirement specifies what authorization factors the TOE accepts
from the user. A password entered by the user is one authorization factor that the TOE must
be able to condition, as specified in FCS_CKM_EXT.6. Another option is a smart card
authorization factor, with the differentiating feature being how the value is generated – either
by the TOE’s RBG or by the platform. An external USB token may also be used, with the
submask value generated either by the TOE’s RBG or by the platform.
The TOE may accept any number of authorization factors, and these are categorized as
“submasks”. The ST author selects the authorization factors they support, and there may be
multiple methods for a selection.
Use of multiple authorization factors is preferable; if more than one authorization factor is
used, the submasks produced must be combined using FCS_SMC_EXT.1.
The TSF shall support the following recovery mechanisms
[selection: Challenge Response Recovery as defined in FIA_CHR_EXT.1, None].
Application Note: This requirement defines the recovery options supported between the endpoint(s) and the
enterprise server. This does not prevent the OE from providing recovery if the OE is managing the authentication
of the users.
The TSF shall allow
[assignment: list of TSF-mediated actions]
on behalf of the administrator to be performed before the administrator is authenticated.
The TSF shall require each administrator to be successfully authenticated before allowing any other TSF-mediated actions on behalf of that administrator.
Application Note: This requirement defines the timing of administrator capabilities on the enterprise server.
The TSF shall restrict the ability to
[selection: determine the behavior of, disable, enable, modify the behavior of]
the functions
[selection: encryption algorithms used, key sizes used] to [administrators].
Application Note: The intent of this SFR is to define a mechanism to distinguish administrators
(who have the ability to configure the TSF and its data) from users (individuals in the enterprise who have FEs on their systems).
The TSF does not need to provide roles that are explicitly called ‘administrator’ or ‘user’; the ST must logically define the administrator
as a combination of one or more roles that are provided by the TOE. A user as defined by this PP-Module may be either a user that is
specifically assigned an unprivileged role by the TSF or it may be characterized by an individual that lacks an administrator account on the TOE
The TSF may optionally provide the ability to rely on an external authentication mechanism to identify users in the case of a user requesting distribution
of a recovery credential. In this situation, the TOE’s reliance on the Operational Environment is functionally equivalent to the TSF
maintaining the user role as defined by FMT_SMR.2.1.
The TSF shall restrict the ability to
[selection: change default, query, modify, delete, clear, [assignment: other operations]] the [encryption keys and intermediate values] to [administrators] at the following times:
[selection: never, during initial provisioning, during recovery].
Application Note: These restrictions apply to modifications on the enterprise server.
FMT_SMF.1(2) Specification of Management Functions (Management Server)
The TSF shall be capable of performing the following management functions:
[selection:
register new user,
revoke registration of user,
initiate key generation,
initiate key escrow,
initiate key zeroization,
initiate key recovery,
set encryption policy (supported algorithms and key sizes),
change administrator passwords,
change user passwords,
change recovery credentials,
define administrators of the TOE,
enable/disable use of recovery credential,
configure number of failed authentication attempts before issuing a key destruction of the FEK(s),
configure the number of authentication attempts that can be made within a 24 hour period,
configure the number of failed authentication attempts required to begin blocking subsequent attempts,
ability to enable or disable one or more of the following functions:
[selection: configure cryptographic functionality, change authentication factors, perform a cryptographic erase of the data by the destruction of FEKs or KEKs protecting the FEKs, configure the number of failed validation attempts required to trigger corrective behavior, configure the corrective behavior to issue in the event of an excessive number of failed validation attempts, [assignment: other management functions provided by the TSF]]
].
Application Note:
This SFR refers specifically to the management functions that can be performed by the Management Server.
Functions that are performed by the rest of the TOE are addressed by the FMT_SMF.1(2) SFR in the File Encryption PP-Module.
The final two assignments provide the ST author the ability to indicate when File Encryption module functionality
(such as configuration of power saving states) can be configured by the Management Server.
The TSF’s ability to initiate key generation, escrow, zeroization, and/or recovery may be accomplished either by the TOE performing those
functions or by the TOE issuing a request to a remote client to perform the functions. The ST author must indicate which case is provided by the TSF.
If the TOE performs any of the cryptographic functions that are selected as being initiated in this SFR, the ST author must include the equivalent
FCS SFRs from the File Encryption PP-Module as part of the TOE, specifically indicating that these
functions are provided by the Management Server component of the TOE.
If the TSF supports the use of a recovery credential, the ST author must include the ‘enable/disable use of recovery credential’ selection.
The TSF shall ensure that the conditions
[selection: the administrator role shall be able to administer the Management Server locally , the administrator role shall be able to administer the Management Server remotely as specified in FTP_TRP.1, the administrator role shall be able to administer the endpoint(s) locally, the administrator role shall be able to administer the endpoint(s) remotely]
are satisfied.
Application Note: The intent of this SFR is to define a mechanism to distinguish administrators
(who have the ability to configure the TSF and its data) from users (individuals in the enterprise who have FEs on their systems).
The TSF does not need to provide roles that are explicitly called ‘administrator’ or ‘user’; the ST must logically define the administrator
as a combination of one or more roles that are provided by the TOE. A user as defined by this PP-Module may be either a user that is
specifically assigned an unprivileged role by the TSF or it may be characterized by an individual that lacks an administrator account on the TOE.
The TSF may optionally provide the ability to rely on an external authentication mechanism to identify users in the case of a user requesting distribution
of a recovery credential. In this situation, the TOE’s reliance on the Operational Environment is functionally equivalent to the TSF
maintaining the user role as defined by FMT_SMR.2.1.
5.2.4 Protection of the TSF (FPT)
FPT_ITT.1 Basic Internal TSF Data Transfer Protection
The TSF shall protect TSF data from [disclosure, modification] when it is transmitted between separate parts
of the TOE through the use of
[selection: IPsec as defined in the PP-Module for VPN Client, HTTPS in accordance with FCS_HTTPS_EXT.1 (from [AppPP]), TLS as defined in the Package for Transport Layer Security, SSH as defined in the Extended Package for Secure Shell].
Application Note: This SFR is intended to define protected communications between the Management Server and the endpoints.
The TSF shall store keys in non-volatile memory only when
[selection:
wrapped, as specified in FCS_COP.1(5),
encrypted, as specified in FCS_COP.1(1) (from [AppPP]),
the plaintext key is stored in the underlying platform's keystore as specified by FCS_STO_EXT.1.1 (from [AppPP]),
the plaintext key is stored in a SQL database in the Operational Environment,
the plaintext key is not part of the key chain as specified in FCS_KYC_EXT.1.,
the plaintext key will no longer provide access to the encrypted data after initial provisioning,
the plaintext key is a key split that is combined as specified in FCS_SMC_EXT.1 and another contribution to the split is
[selection: wrapped as specified in FCS_COP.1(5) or encrypted as specified in FCS_COP.1(7), derived and not stored in non-volatile memory]
,
the plaintext key is stored on an external storage device for use as an authorization factor.,
the plaintext key is used to encrypt a key as specified in FCS_COP.1(7) or wrap a key as specified in FCS_COP.1(5)
that is already encrypted as specified in FCS_COP.1(7) or wrapped as specified in FCS_COP.1(5)
].
Application Note:
This details the key storage requirements for the enterprise server.
The plaintext key storage in non-volatile memory is allowed for
several reasons. If the keys exist within protected memory that is not user accessible
on the TOE or OE, the only methods that allow it to play a security relevant role for
protecting the FEK is if it is a key split or providing additional layers of wrapping
or encryption on keys that have already been protected.
The TSF shall maintain an association between stored endpoint keys and user identity,
[selection: remote endpoints, recovery credential, system identity, no other subjects].
Application Note: The intent of this SFR is that at minimum, keys are associated with the users for which it was explicitly created by the TSF.
If the TOE has the ability to maintain an association to keys for a user, this SFR is intended to require an association between the key chain and a user through
the user account name(s) that are authorized to use it.
Likewise, if the TOE supports the use of a recovery credential, this SFR is intended to require an association between user and the recovery credential
used to recover that data.
The TSF shall provide the ability to register users by exchange of [assignment: mutually identifying information that allows for an association to be made].
Application Note: The ST author will complete the assignment with information on the method used by the Management Server portion
of the TOE to establish the association with the endpoint portion of the TOE described in FPT_KYP_EXT.2.1.
The TSF shall provide the ability to revoke the registration of users by [assignment: method of removing and/or exchanging information
that prevents further communications between the TOE and the endpoint].
The TSF shall transmit any secure or private cryptographic information that is transferred between the TOE and a user's endpoint in order
to establish or disestablish an association using a communications channel with a security strength at least as great as the strength of the
information being transmitted.
Application Note: The channel used to transmit this data is defined in FPT_ITT.1.
6 Consistency Rationale
6.1 Application Software Protection Profile
6.1.1
Consistency of TOE Type
When this PP-Module is used to extend the App PP, the TOE type for the overall TOE is still a software application.
The TOE boundary is simply extended to include the enterprise management functionality for software file encryption that the application performs.
6.1.2
Consistency of Security Problem Definition
The threats defined by this PP-Module (see section 3.1) supplement those defined in the
App PP as follows:
PP-Module Threat
Consistency Rationale
T.KEYING_MATERIAL_COMPROMISE_SERVER
This threat is a specific example of T.PHYSICAL_ACCESS defined in the Base-PP.
Specifically, this PP-Module defines a method of maliciously gaining access to sensitive data at rest that is particular to the technology type of this PP-Module.
T.MAN_IN_THE_MIDDLE
This threat is a specific example of T.NETWORK_EAVESDROP defined in the Base-PP. Specifically, the attacker performs
network eavesdropping to gain access to key data in transit between TOE components.
T.UNAUTHORIZED_ADMINISTRATOR_ACCESS
This threat is a variation on T.LOCAL_ATTACK defined in the Base-PP.
The Base-PP does not define access-controlled management functions so this PP-Module goes beyond it by specifying misuse of the management interface as a threat to the TSF.
T.UNTRUSTED_COMMUNICATION_CHANNELS
This threat is a variation on T.NETWORK_ATTACK and T.NETWORK_EAVESDROP defined in the Base-PP.
The threat of untrusted communication channels allows for exploitation of the TSF in different ways, depending on how the lack of trust is manifested.
T.UNAUTHORIZED_DATA_ACCESS_ENDPOINT
This threat is a variation on T.PHYSICAL_ACCESS defined in the Base-PP.
In this case, the "sensitive data at rest" is the data that the TOE is intended to protect.
T.UNAUTHORIZED_DATA_ACCESS_SERVER
This threat is a variation on T.PHYSICAL_ACCESS defined in the Base-PP.
In this case, the "sensitive data at rest" is the data that the TOE is intended to protect.
6.1.3
Consistency of Objectives
The objectives for the TOEs are consistent with the App PP based on the following rationale:
PP-Module TOE Objective
Consistency Rationale
O.ENTERPRISE_KEY_PROTECTION
This objective is consistent with the Base-PP because the Base-PP includes the O.PROTECTED_STORAGE objective.
The protection and timely destruction of key materials is consistent with the intent of that objective.
O.KEY_MATERIAL_SERVER
This objective is consistent with the Base-PP because the Base-PP includes the O.PROTECTED_STORAGE and O.PROTECTED_COMMS objectives.
This objective defines behavior for the secure storage and transmission of decryption and recovery key data, consistent with the relevant objectives in the Base-PP.
O.RECOVERY_PROTECTION
This objective defines usage restrictions and supported behavior for the TOE's management interface. This is consistent with the O.MANAGE objective in the Base-PP for
functionality that is specific to this PP-Module.
O.SECURE_CHANNEL
This objective is consistent with the Base-PP because the Base-PP defines the O.PROTECTED_COMMS objective for security of data in transit. Specifically, this objective
expects the communications between distributed TOE components to be protected in a similar manner to the corresponding Base-PP objective.
O.VERIFIED_ADMIN
This objective is consistent with the O.MANAGE objective in the Base-PP and further restricts it by limiting security-relevant management interfaces to authenticated administrators.
It also supports the enforcement of the OE.PROPER_ADMIN environmental objective by reducing the likelihood that administrative actions are performed unintentionally.
The objectives for the TOE's Operational Environment are consistent with the App PP based on the following rationale:
PP-Module Operational Environment Objective
Consistency Rationale
OE.ENVIRONMENTAL_STORAGE
This objective is consistent with the Base-PP because the Base-PP allows for the TOE to use platform-provided key storage.
OE.PHYSICAL_SERVER
This objective is consistent with the Base-PP because it is an extension of the Base-PP's OE.PLATFORM objective that is specific to this technology type.
It is also consistent because the Base-PP permits the TSF to use platform-provided cryptography.
OE.SECURED_CONFIGURATION
This objective is consistent with the Base-PP because it expects the TOE's operational guidance to be responsibly followed in the same manner as OE.PROPER_ADMIN in the
Base-PP.
OE.SECURED_ENVIRONMENT
This objective is consistent with the Base-PP because it is an extension of the Base-PP's OE.PLATFORM objective that is specific to this technology type.
6.1.4
Consistency of Requirements
This PP-Module identifies several SFRs from the
App PP that are needed to support
File Encryption Enterprise Management functionality.
This is considered to be consistent because the functionality provided by the
App is being used for its intended purpose.
The PP-Module also identifies a number of modified SFRs from the
App PP
as well as new SFRs that are used entirely to provide functionality for
File Encryption Enterprise Management.
The rationale for why this does not conflict with the claims
defined by the
App PP are as follows:
PP-Module Requirement
Consistency Rationale
Modified SFRs
FTP_DIT_EXT.1
This SFR is defined in the Base-PP. This PP-Module modifies it by removing the option not to transmit sensitive data because this particular
TOE type will always have that capability. It is still consistent with the Base-PP because all selections that the ST author is permitted to make are available options
in the Base-PP version of the SFR.
Mandatory SFRs
FCS_CKM_EXT.4
This SFR extends the cryptographic functionality defined in the Base-PP by specifying a method for key destruction.
It is consistent with the Base-PP because keys generated by the Base-PP portion of the TOE may also be destroyed in the manner specified by this SFR.
FCS_COP.1(5)
This SFR defines usage of AES functionality not defined by the Base-PP. However, this functionality is only used in certain situations that are
specific to this PP-Module and do not affect the ability of any Base-PP SFRs to be enforced.
FCS_COP.1(6)
This SFR defines key transport functionality that is outside the scope of the original cryptographic operations defined in the Base-PP.
FCS_COP.1(7)
This SFR defines key encryption functionality that is outside the scope of the original cryptographic operations defined in the Base-PP.
FCS_IV_EXT.1
This SFR defines how IVs for AES keys must be generated. This is consistent with the Base-PP because it supplements the key generation
methods specified by the Base-PP SFR FCS_CKM.1(2).
FCS_KDF_EXT.1
This SFR defines key transport functionality. It uses random bit generation and keyed-hash message authentication functionality from the Base-PP
as they are intended but is otherwise outside the scope of the original cryptographic operations defined in the Base-PP.
FCS_KYC_EXT.1
The Base-PP defines how stored keys are protected. This SFR extends that functionality by defining the logical hierarchy of how keys are logically
protected by other keys or other secret data.
FCS_SMC_EXT.1
This SFR relates to submask combining as a method of generating intermediate keys. Key hierarchy functionality is outside the scope of the Base-PP.
FCS_VAL_EXT.1(1)
This SFR goes beyond the functionality defined by the Base-PP by defining a method by which the TSF can validate the correctness of data input to it.
FCS_VAL_EXT.1(2)
This SFR goes beyond the functionality defined by the Base-PP by defining a method by which the TSF can validate the correctness of data input to it.
FCS_VAL_EXT.2(2)
This SFR goes beyond the functionality defined by the Base-PP by defining a method by which the TSF can take security-relevant action if some data input to it is invalid.
FIA_AUT_EXT.1
This SFR defines how administrator requests to access protected data are authorized. It uses FCS_RBG_EXT.1 from the Base-PP in a manner consistent with its
definition, but otherwise does not relate to functionality defined by the Base-PP.
FIA_REC_EXT.1
This SFR defines the TOE's potential support for recovery credentials. This functionality does not relate to any behavior defined in the Base-PP.
FIA_UAU.1
This SFR requires administrators to be authenticated prior to accessing management functionality.
The Base-PP does not mandate identification and authentication measures for a management interface but it also does not prohibit them.
FIA_UID.1
This SFR requires administrators to be identified prior to accessing management functionality.
The Base-PP does not mandate identification and authentication measures for a management interface but it also does not prohibit them.
FMT_MOF.1
This SFR defines access restrictions for TOE management functions. This is not defined in the Base-PP but there is nothing in the Base-PP that prohibits it.
FMT_MTD.1
This SFR defines access restrictions for management of TSF data. This is not defined in the Base-PP but there is nothing in the Base-PP that prohibits it.
FMT_SMF.1(2)
This SFR defines management functions for the TOE for functionality specific to this PP-Module. These functions are defined in addition to what
the Base-PP defines for its own operation.
FMT_SMR.2
This SFR defines administrative roles, which are used by other SFRs to derive privileges to interact with the TOE's management functionality.
This is not defined in the Base-PP but there is nothing in the Base-PP that prohibits it.
FPT_ITT.1
This SFR uses a subset of the protocols defined in the Base-PP for secure communications. This PP-Module extends the functionality by explicitly
defining a communications channel where both endpoints are TOE components.
FPT_KYP_EXT.1
The Base-PP defines an SFR for secure storage of sensitive data. This SFR expands on that definition by describing the supported logical methods
for storage of key data.
FPT_KYP_EXT.2
This SFR relates to key attribution such that stored keys can be associated with the users that 'own' them.
This does not relate to functionality that is defined in the Base-PP so it does not interfere with the implementation of any Base-PP SFRs.
Optional SFRs
This PP-Module does not define any optional requirements.
Selection-based SFRs
FCS_CKM_EXT.6
This SFR defines a key derivation method based on passphrase conditioning. It uses the FCS_RBG_EXT.1 SFR from the Base-PP in its intended manner
but otherwise does not relate to the Base-PP's functionality.
FCS_VAL_EXT.2(1)
This SFR goes beyond the functionality defined by the Base-PP by defining a method by which the TSF can take security-relevant action if some data input to it is invalid.
FIA_CHR_EXT.1
This SFR defines the TOE's implementation of recovery credentials. This functionality does not relate to any behavior defined in the Base-PP.
FTP_TRP.1
This SFR uses a subset of the protocols defined in the Base-PP for secure communications. This PP-Module extends the functionality by explicitly
defining a communications path between a remote administrator and the TOE.
Objective SFRs
This PP-Module does not define any objective requirements.
The TSF shall support a password/passphrase of up to
[assignment: maximum password size, positive integer of 64 or more]
characters used to generate a password authorization factor.
The TSF shall allow passwords to be composed of any combination of upper case characters,
lower case characters, numbers, and the following special characters: “!”, “@”, “#”, “$”, “%”, “^”, “&”, “*”, “(“, and “)”,
and
[selection: [assignment: other supported special characters], no other characters].
The TSF shall perform Password-based Key Derivation
Functions in accordance with a specified cryptographic algorithm HMAC-[selection: SHA-256, SHA-384, SHA-512], with [assignment: positive integer of 4096 or more] iterations, and
output cryptographic key sizes [selection: 128, 256] bits that meet the following: [NIST SP 800-132].
The TSF shall not accept passwords less than
[selection: a value settable by the administrator, [assignment: minimum password length accepted by the TOE, must be >= 1]]
and greater than the maximum password length
defined in FCS_CKM_EXT.6.1.
The TSF shall generate all salts using an RBG that meets FCS_RBG_EXT.1 (from [AppPP]) and with entropy
corresponding to the security strength selected for PBKDF in FCS_CKM_EXT.6.3.
Application Note:
This applies to passwords on the enterprise server.
The password/passphrase is represented on the host machine as a sequence of characters whose
encoding depends on the TOE and the underlying OS. This sequence must be conditioned into a string of bits that is to be used as a KEK that is the same size as the FEK.
For FCS_CKM_EXT.6.1, the ST author assigns the maximum size of the password/passphrase it supports; it must support at least 64 characters.
For FCS_CKM_EXT.6.2, the ST author assigns any other supported characters; if there are no other supported characters,
they should select “no other characters”.
For FCS_CKM_EXT.6.3, the ST author selects the parameters based on the PBKDF used by the TSF. The key cryptographic
key sizes in FCS_CKM_EXT.6.3 are made to correspond to the KEK key sizes selected in FCS_KYC_EXT.1.
The password/passphrase must be conditioned into a string of bits that forms the submask to be used as input into the
KEK. Conditioning is performed using one of the identified hash functions in accordance with the process described in
NIST SP 800-132. SP 800-132 requires the use of a pseudo-random function (PRF) consisting of HMAC with an approved hash function.
Appendix A of SP 800-132 recommends setting the iteration count in order to increase the computation needed to derive
a key from a password and, therefore, increase the workload of performing a password recovery attack. However, for this PP-Module,
a minimum iteration count of 4096 is required in order to ensure that twelve bits of security is added to the password/passphrase value.
A significantly higher value is recommended to ensure optimal security.
For FCS_CKM_EXT.6.4 If the minimum password length is settable, then ST author chooses “a value settable by the administrator
for this component for FMT_SMF.1.1(2). If the minimum length
is not settable, the ST author fills in the assignment with the minimum length the password must be (zero-length passwords are not allowed for compliant TOEs).
This requirement is selection dependent on FIA_AUT_EXT.1.1.
institute a delay such that only [assignment: ST author specified number or configurable range of attempts]
validation attempts can be made within a 24 hour period,
block validation after [assignment: ST author specified number or configurable range of attempts]
of consecutive failed validation attempts
].
Application Note:
This requirement must be claimed by the TOE if the ST author chooses "provide user authorization" in FIA_AUT_EXT.1.1.
The TSF shall generate a response only if it is able to access recovery information for
[selection: the user requesting the recovery, the user requesting recovery and the device for which the recovery was requested].
Application Note: This requires that the TSF has the ability to attribute key chain information to the appropriate user(s).
The response shall work only for the user to whom it was generated.
Application Note: This mechanism is intended to provide a recovery method for a user who has forgotten their
authentication factor and is unable to access their encrypted data on a system that is fully functional.
The response shall be used only during the same session in which the request was generated.
Application Note: The intent of this requirement is to limit the attack surface of the recovery credential
mechanism by preventing the use of the credential following a reboot of the device.
The TSF shall be capable of using
[selection: IPsec as defined in the PP-Module for VPN Client, HTTPS in accordance with FCS_HTTPS_EXT.1 (from [AppPP]), TLS as defined in the Package for Transport Layer Security, SSH as defined in the Extended Package for Secure Shell]
to provide a communication path between itself and authorized remote administrators that is logically distinct from other communication paths
and provides assured identification of its end points and protection of the communicated data from [modification, disclosure].
The TSF shall require the use of the trusted path for [initial administrator authentication, [all remote administration actions]].
Application Note:
This SFR is intended to define protected communications between the Management Server and remote administrators.
Appendix C - Objective SFRs
This section is reserved for requirements that are not currently prescribed by this PP-Module
but are expected to be included in future versions of the PP-Module.
Vendors planning on having evaluations performed against future products are encouraged
to plan for these objective requirements to be met.
This PP-Module does not define any objective SFRs.
Appendix D - Extended Component Definitions
This appendix contains the definitions for the extended requirements that are used in the PP-Module
including those used in Appendices A through C.
D.1 Background and Scope
This Appendix provides a definition for all of the extended components introduced
in this PP-Module.
These components are identified in the following table:
Components in this family define requirements for key management activities that are beyond the scope of what is defined in the FCS_CKM family in CC Part 2.
Component Leveling
FCS_CKM_EXT.4,
Cryptographic Key Destruction,
describes supported methods for key destruction.
Management: FCS_CKM_EXT.4
The following actions could be considered for the management functions in FMT:
Manually perform cryptographic erasure.
Audit: FCS_CKM_EXT.4
The following actions should be auditable if FAU_GEN Security audit data
generation is included in the PP/ST:
Basic: Manual erasure of cryptographic data.
FCS_CKM_EXT.4 Cryptographic Key Destruction
Hierarchical to: No other components.
Dependencies to: No dependencies.
FCS_CKM_EXT.4.1
The TSF shall destroy cryptographic keys in accordance with a specified cryptographic key destruction method
[selection:
For volatile memory, the destruction shall be executed by a
[selection:
single overwrite consisting of
[selection: a pseudo-random pattern using the TSF's RBG, zeroes, ones, new value of a key, [assignment: any value that does not contain any CSP]]
,
removal of power to the memory,
destruction of reference to the key directly followed by a request for garbage collection
]
,
For non-volatile memory, the destruction shall be executed by
[selection:
destruction of all KEKs protecting the target key,
where none of the KEKs protecting the target key are derived
,
the invocation of an interface provided by the underlying platform that
[selection:
logically addresses the storage location of the key and performs a
[selection: single, [assignment: ST author defined multi-pass]]
overwrite consisting of
[selection: a pseudo-random pattern using the TSF's RBG, zeroes, ones, new value of a key, [assignment: any value that does not contain any CSP]]
,
instructs the underlying platform to destroy the abstraction that represents the key
]
]
].
FCS_CKM_EXT.4.2
The TSF shall destroy all keys and key material when no longer needed.
Component Leveling
FCS_CKM_EXT.6,
Cryptographic Password/Passphrase Conditioning,
requires the TSF to implement password/passphrase conditioning using a specified algorithm and with specific constraints on the password/passphrase composition.
Management: FCS_CKM_EXT.6
There are no specific management functions identified.
Dependencies to: FCS_COP.1 Cryptographic Operation
FCS_RBG_EXT.1 Random Bit Generation Services
FCS_CKM_EXT.6.1
The TSF shall support a password/passphrase of up to
[assignment: maximum password size, positive integer of 64 or more]
characters used to generate a password authorization factor.
FCS_CKM_EXT.6.2
The TSF shall allow passwords to be composed of any combination of upper case characters,
lower case characters, numbers, and the following special characters: “!”, “@”, “#”, “$”, “%”, “^”, “&”, “*”, “(“, and “)”,
and
[selection: [assignment: other supported special characters], no other characters].
FCS_CKM_EXT.6.3
The TSF shall perform Password-based Key Derivation
Functions in accordance with a specified cryptographic algorithm HMAC-[selection: SHA-256, SHA-384, SHA-512], with [assignment: positive integer of 4096 or more] iterations, and
output cryptographic key sizes [selection: 128, 256] bits that meet the following: [NIST SP 800-132].
FCS_CKM_EXT.6.4
The TSF shall not accept passwords less than
[selection: a value settable by the administrator, [assignment: minimum password length accepted by the TOE, must be >= 1]]
and greater than the maximum password length
defined in FCS_CKM_EXT.6.1.
FCS_CKM_EXT.6.5
The TSF shall generate all salts using an RBG that meets FCS_RBG_EXT.1 (from [AppPP]) and with entropy
corresponding to the security strength selected for PBKDF in FCS_CKM_EXT.6.3.
FCS_IV_EXT Initialization Vector Generation
Components in this family define requirements for initialization vector generation.
Component Leveling
FCS_IV_EXT.1,
Initialization Vector Generation,
specifies the required initialization vector generation methods used by the TSF for various cryptographic algorithms.
Management: FCS_IV_EXT.1
There are no specific management functions identified.
Audit: FCS_IV_EXT.1
There are no auditable events foreseen.
FCS_IV_EXT.1 Initialization Vector Generation
Hierarchical to: No other components.
Dependencies to: FCS_COP.1 Cryptographic Operation
FCS_IV_EXT.1.1
The TSF shall [selection:
invoke platform-provided functionality to generate IVs,
generate IVs with the following properties
[selection:
CBC: IVs shall be non-repeating and unpredictable,
CCM: Nonce shall be non-repeating and unpredictable,
XTS: No IV. Tweak values shall be non-negative integers, assigned consecutively,
and starting at an arbitrary non-negative integer,
GCM: IV shall be non-repeating. The number of invocations of GCM shall not exceed
2^32 for a given secret key
]
].
FCS_KDF_EXT Cryptographic Key Derivation Function
Components in this family define requirements for the implementation of cryptographic key derivation functions
Component Leveling
FCS_KDF_EXT.1,
Cryptographic Key Derivation Function,
requires the TSF to specify how it performs key derivation.
Management: FCS_KDF_EXT.1
The following actions could be considered for the management functions in FMT:
Configuration of the cryptographic functionality.
Audit: FCS_KDF_EXT.1
There are no auditable events foreseen.
FCS_KDF_EXT.1 Cryptographic Key Derivation Function
Hierarchical to: No other components.
Dependencies to: FCS_COP.1 Cryptographic Operation
FCS_RBG_EXT.1 Random Bit Generation Services
FCS_KDF_EXT.1.1
The TSF shall [selection:
not derive keys,
accept
[selection: a submask generated by an RBG as specified in FCS_RBG_EXT.1 (from [AppPP]), a conditioned password, an imported submask] to derive an intermediate key, as defined in
[selection:
NIST SP 800-108
[selection: KDF in Counter Mode, KDF in Feedback Mode, KDF in Double-Pipeline Iteration Mode]
,
NIST SP 800-132
] using the keyed-hash functions specified in FCS_COP.1(4)(from [AppPP]), such that the output is at least of
equivalent security strength (in number of bits) to the [FEK(s)]
].
FCS_KYC_EXT Key Chaining and Key Storage
Components in this family define requirements for the secure storage of keys through the use of a logical key chain.
Component Leveling
FCS_KYC_EXT.1,
Key Chaining and Key Storage,
requires the TSF to specify how it implements key chaining.
Management: FCS_KYC_EXT.1
The following actions could be considered for the management functions in FMT:
Configuration of the cryptographic functionality.
Audit: FCS_KYC_EXT.1
There are no auditable events foreseen.
FCS_KYC_EXT.1 Key Chaining and Key Storage
Hierarchical to: No other components.
Dependencies to: FCS_COP.1 Cryptographic Operation
FCS_KDF_EXT.1 Cryptographic Key Derivation Function
FCS_SMC_EXT.1 Submask Combining
FCS_KYC_EXT.1.1
The TSF shall maintain a key chain of [[intermediate keys] originating from one or more initial
[selection: submask(s), recovery value(s)] to [the final value returned to the endpoint]
using the following method(s):
[selection:
utilization of the platform key storage,
utilization of platform key storage that performs key wrap with a
TSF provided key,
implementation of key derivation as specified in FCS_KDF_EXT.1,
implementation of key wrapping as specified in FCS_COP.1(5),
implementation of key combining as specified in FCS_SMC_EXT.1,
implementation of key encryption as specified in FCS_COP.1(7),
implementation of key transport as specified in FCS_COP.1(6)
]
while maintaining an effective strength of
[selection:
[selection: 128 bits, 256 bits] for symmetric keys
,
[selection: 128 bits, 192 bits, 256 bits] for asymmetric keys
]
commensurate with the strength of the FEK
and
[selection:
no supplemental key chains,
other supplemental key chains that protect a key or keys in the primary key chain using the following method(s):
[selection:
utilization of the platform key storage,
utilization of platform key storage that performs key wrap with a
TSF provided key,
implementation of key wrapping as specified in FCS_COP.1(5),
implementation of key combining as specified in FCS_SMC_EXT.1,
implementation of key encryption as specified in FCS_COP.1(7),
implementation of key transport as specified in FCS_COP.1(6),
implementation of key derivation as specified in FCS_KDF_EXT.1
]
].
FCS_SMC_EXT Submask Combining
Components in this family define requirements for generation of intermediate keys via submask combining.
Component Leveling
FCS_SMC_EXT.1,
Submask Combining ,
requires the TSF to implement submask combining in a specific manner to support the generation of intermediate keys.
Management: FCS_SMC_EXT.1
The following actions could be considered for the management functions in FMT:
Configuration of the cryptographic functionality.
Audit: FCS_SMC_EXT.1
There are no auditable events foreseen.
FCS_SMC_EXT.1 Submask Combining
Hierarchical to: No other components.
Dependencies to: FCS_COP.1 Cryptographic Operation
FCS_SMC_EXT.1.1
The TSF shall
[selection:
not perform submask combining,
combine submasks using the following method [selection: exclusive OR (XOR), SHA-256, SHA-384, SHA-512, HMAC-SHA-256, HMAC-SHA-384, HMAC-SHA-512] to generate an intermediate key
].
FCS_VAL_EXT Validation
Components in this family define requirements for validation of data supplied to the TOE and any consequences resulting from failed validation attempts.
Component Leveling
FCS_VAL_EXT.1(1),
Validation (Server Administrator),
requires the TSF to specify what data is being validated and how the validation is performed.
Management: FCS_VAL_EXT.1(1)
There are no specific management functions identified.
Audit: FCS_VAL_EXT.1(1)
The following actions should be auditable if FAU_GEN Security audit data
generation is included in the PP/ST:
Minimal: Change to configuration of validation function behavior.
Dependencies to: FCS_COP.1 Cryptographic Operation
FCS_VAL_EXT.1.1(1)
The TSF shall perform validation of the [admin] by
[selection:
receiving assertion of the subject's validity from [assignment: Operational Environment component responsible for authentication],
validating the [selection: submask, intermediate key] using the following methods: [selection:
key wrap as specified in FCS_COP.1(5),
hash the
[selection: submask, intermediate key, FEK] as specified in FCS_COP.1(2)(from [AppPP]) and compare it to a stored hash,
decrypt a known value using the
[selection: submask, intermediate key, FEK] as specified in FCS_COP.1(1)(from [AppPP]) and compare it against a stored known value
]
].
FCS_VAL_EXT.1.2(1)
The TSF shall require validation of the [admin] prior to [permitting the actions described in FMT_MTD.1.1 and FMT_SMF.1.1(2)].
Component Leveling
FCS_VAL_EXT.1(2),
Validation (User),
Management: FCS_VAL_EXT.1(2)
There are no management functions foreseen.
Audit: FCS_VAL_EXT.1(2)
There are no audit events foreseen.
FCS_VAL_EXT.1(2) Validation (User)
Hierarchical to: No other components.
Dependencies to: No dependencies.
FCS_VAL_EXT.1.1(2)
The TSF shall perform validation of the [user] by
[selection:
receiving assertion of the subject's validity from [assignment: Operational Environment component responsible for authentication],
validating the [selection: submask, intermediate key] using the following methods: [selection:
key wrap as specified in FCS_COP.1(5),
hash the
[selection: submask, intermediate key, FEK] as specified in FCS_COP.1(2)(from [AppPP]) and compare it to a stored hash,
decrypt a known value using the
[selection: submask, intermediate key, FEK] as specified in FCS_COP.1(1)(from [AppPP]) and compare it against a stored known value
]
].
FCS_VAL_EXT.1.2(2)
The TSF shall require validation of the [user] prior to [transmitting submasks, FEKs, or keys to decrypt FEKs to the endpoint].
Component Leveling
FCS_VAL_EXT.2(2),
Validation Remediation (User),
Management: FCS_VAL_EXT.2(2)
There are no management functions foreseen.
Audit: FCS_VAL_EXT.2(2)
There are no audit events foreseen.
FCS_VAL_EXT.2(2) Validation Remediation (User)
Hierarchical to: No other components.
Dependencies to: No dependencies.
FCS_VAL_EXT.2.1(2)
The TSF shall
[selection:
[[selection: direct the endpoint to perform key sanitization, perform key sanitization]
of FEK(s) or an intermediate key] upon [assignment: ST specified number or configurable range of] consecutive failed validation attempts,
institute a delay such that only [assignment: ST author specified number or configurable range of attempts] can be made within a 24 hour period,
block validation after [assignment: ST author specified number or configurable range of attempts] of consecutive failed validation attempts,
terminate the session after [assignment: ST author specified number or configurable range of attempts] of consecutive failed validation attempts
].
Component Leveling
FCS_VAL_EXT.2(1),
Validation Remediation (Server Administrator),
requires the TSF to specify what the TOE’s response is in the event of a data validation failure.
Management: FCS_VAL_EXT.2(1)
The following actions could be considered for the management functions in FMT:
Configuration of the number of failed validation attempts required to trigger corrective behavior.
Configuration of the corrective behavior to issue in the event of an excessive number of failed validation attempts.
Audit: FCS_VAL_EXT.2(1)
The following actions should be auditable if FAU_GEN Security audit data
generation is included in the PP/ST:
Minimal: Triggering of excessive validation failure response behavior.
institute a delay such that only [assignment: ST author specified number or configurable range of attempts]
validation attempts can be made within a 24 hour period,
block validation after [assignment: ST author specified number or configurable range of attempts]
of consecutive failed validation attempts
].
FIA_AUT_EXT Authorization
Components in this family define requirements for how subject authorization is performed.
Where FIA_UAU in CC Part 2 defines circumstances where authentication is required, this family describes the specific computational methods
used to determine whether a subject’s presented authentication data is valid.
Component Leveling
FIA_AUT_EXT.1,
Subject Authorization,
specifies the manner in which the TSF performs user authorization.
Management: FIA_AUT_EXT.1
The following actions could be considered for the management functions in FMT:
Configuration of authentication factors.
Audit: FIA_AUT_EXT.1
The following actions should be auditable if FAU_GEN Security audit data
generation is included in the PP/ST:
Minimal: Failure of authorization function.
Basic: All use of authorization function.
FIA_AUT_EXT.1 Subject Authorization
Hierarchical to: No other components.
Dependencies to: FCS_CKM_EXT.6 Cryptographic Password/Passphrase Conditioning
FCS_RBG_EXT.1 Random Bit Generation Services
FIA_AUT_EXT.1.1
The TSF shall
[selection: receive assertion of the user’s validity from:
[assignment: Operational Environment component responsible for user authentication], provide authorization] based on
[selection:
a password authorization factor conditioned as defined in FCS_CKM_EXT.6,
an external smart card factor that is at least the same bit-length as the FEK(s), and is protecting a submask that is
[selection: generated by the TOE (using the RBG as specified in FCS_RBG_EXT.1 (from [AppPP])), generated by the platform] protected using RSA with key size
[selection: 3072 bits, 4096 bits] with user presence proved by presentation of the smart card and
[selection: no PIN, an OE defined PIN, a configurable PIN]
,
an external USB token factor that is at least the same security strength as the FEK(s),
and is providing a submask generated by the
[selection: TOE, using the RBG as specified in FCS_RBG_EXT.1 (from [AppPP]), platform]
].
FIA_REC_EXT Recovery Support
Components in this family define the TOE’s support for recovery credentials as an alternate method for user authorization.
Component Leveling
FIA_REC_EXT.1,
Recovery Support,
requires the TSF to specify the supported recovery method and to include a means to enable/disable any supported recovery method.
Management: FIA_REC_EXT.1
The following actions could be considered for the management functions in FMT:
Ability to enable/disable the user of recovery credentials.
Ability to change recovery credential values.
Audit: FIA_REC_EXT.1
The following actions should be auditable if FAU_GEN Security audit data
generation is included in the PP/ST:
Minimal: Configuration of recovery methods.
FIA_REC_EXT.1 Recovery Support
Hierarchical to: No other components.
Dependencies to: No dependencies.
FIA_REC_EXT.1.1
The TSF shall
[selection: provide the ability to enable and disable the use of recovery credentials, not support recovery].
FIA_REC_EXT.1.2
The TSF shall support the following recovery mechanisms
[selection: Challenge Response Recovery as defined in FIA_CHR_EXT.1, None].
FPT_KYP_EXT Protection of Key and Key Material
Components in this family define requirements for secure storage of keys.
Component Leveling
FPT_KYP_EXT.1,
Protection of Keys and Key Material ,
requires the TSF to protect stored key data in a specified manner.
Management: FPT_KYP_EXT.1
The following actions could be considered for the management functions in FMT:
Configuration of the cryptographic functionality.
Audit: FPT_KYP_EXT.1
There are no auditable events foreseen.
FPT_KYP_EXT.1 Protection of Keys and Key Material
Hierarchical to: No other components.
Dependencies to: FCS_COP.1 Cryptographic Operation
FCS_KDF_EXT.1 Cryptographic Key Derivation Function
FCS_KYC_EXT.1 Key Chaining and Key Storage
FCS_SMC_EXT.1 Submask Combining
FCS_STO_EXT.1 Storage of Credentials
FPT_KYP_EXT.1.1
The TSF shall store keys in non-volatile memory only when
[selection:
wrapped, as specified in FCS_COP.1(5),
encrypted, as specified in FCS_COP.1(1) (from [AppPP]),
the plaintext key is stored in the underlying platform's keystore as specified by FCS_STO_EXT.1.1 (from [AppPP]),
the plaintext key is stored in a SQL database in the Operational Environment,
the plaintext key is not part of the key chain as specified in FCS_KYC_EXT.1.,
the plaintext key will no longer provide access to the encrypted data after initial provisioning,
the plaintext key is a key split that is combined as specified in FCS_SMC_EXT.1 and another contribution to the split is
[selection: wrapped as specified in FCS_COP.1(5) or encrypted as specified in FCS_COP.1(7), derived and not stored in non-volatile memory]
,
the plaintext key is stored on an external storage device for use as an authorization factor.,
the plaintext key is used to encrypt a key as specified in FCS_COP.1(7) or wrap a key as specified in FCS_COP.1(5)
that is already encrypted as specified in FCS_COP.1(7) or wrapped as specified in FCS_COP.1(5)
].
Component Leveling
FPT_KYP_EXT.2,
Attribution of Key and Key Material,
requires the TSF to protect stored key data in a specified manner.
Management: FPT_KYP_EXT.2
The following actions could be considered for the management functions in FMT:
Registration of users.
Revocation of user registration.
Audit: FPT_KYP_EXT.2
The following actions should be auditable if FAU_GEN Security audit data
generation is included in the PP/ST:
Basic: Creation and revocation of user registration.
FPT_KYP_EXT.2 Attribution of Key and Key Material
Hierarchical to: No other components.
Dependencies to: FPT_ITT.1 Basic Internal TSF Data Transfer Protection
FPT_KYP_EXT.2.1
The TSF shall maintain an association between stored endpoint keys and user identity,
[selection: remote endpoints, recovery credential, system identity, no other subjects].
FPT_KYP_EXT.2.2
The TSF shall provide the ability to register users by exchange of [assignment: mutually identifying information that allows for an association to be made].
FPT_KYP_EXT.2.3
The TSF shall provide the ability to revoke the registration of users by [assignment: method of removing and/or exchanging information
that prevents further communications between the TOE and the endpoint].
FPT_KYP_EXT.2.4
The TSF shall transmit any secure or private cryptographic information that is transferred between the TOE and a user's endpoint in order
to establish or disestablish an association using a communications channel with a security strength at least as great as the strength of the
information being transmitted.
Components in this family define requirements for the use of challenge/response as a recovery method.
Component Leveling
FIA_CHR_EXT.1,
Challenge/Response Recovery Credential,
requires the TSF to implement a challenge/response method to generate recovery credentials for an authorized user.
Management: FIA_CHR_EXT.1
The following actions could be considered for the management functions in FMT:
Ability to enable/disable the user of recovery credentials.
Ability to change recovery credential values.
Audit: FIA_CHR_EXT.1
The following actions should be auditable if FAU_GEN Security audit data
generation is included in the PP/ST:
Dependencies to: FCS_VAL_EXT.1 Validation
FIA_REC_EXT.1 Recovery Support
FIA_CHR_EXT.1.1
The TSF shall generate a response only if it is able to access recovery information for
[selection: the user requesting the recovery, the user requesting recovery and the device for which the recovery was requested].
FIA_CHR_EXT.1.2
The response shall work only for the user to whom it was generated.
FIA_CHR_EXT.1.3
The response shall be used only during the same session in which the request was generated.
FIA_CHR_EXT.1.4
The TSF shall generate an ephemeral response that has at least as many potential values as a corresponding password or PIN.
FIA_CHR_EXT.1.5
The TSF shall allow a maximum of [assignment: integer value] response entry attempts per boot cycle.
FIA_CHR_EXT.1.6
The TSF shall perform remediation as defined in FCS_VAL_EXT.2(2) for failed challenge recovery attempts.
Appendix E - Key Management Description
This appendix should be combined with the appendix in the File Encryption Module if it is also being evaluated.
The documentation of the product’s encryption key management should be detailed enough
that, after reading, the evaluator will thoroughly understand the product’s key management and
how it meets the requirements to ensure the keys are adequately protected. This documentation
should include an essay and diagram(s). This documentation is not required to be part of the
TSS - it can be submitted as a separate document and marked as developer proprietary.
Essay:
The essay will provide the following information for all keys in the key chain:
The purpose of the key
If the key is stored in non-volatile memory
How and when the key is protected
How and when the key is derived
The strength of the key
When or if the key would be no longer needed, along with a justification
How and when a key may be transmitted
The essay will also describe the following topics:
A description of all authorization factors that are supported by the product and how
each factor is handled, including any conditioning and combining performed.
If validation is implemented, the process for validation shall be described, noting what
value is used for validation and the process used to perform the validation. It shall
describe how this process ensures no keys in the key chain are weakened or exposed
by this process.
The authorization process that leads to the recovery or access by an end user or administrator. This section
shall detail the key chain used by the product. It shall describe which keys are used in
the protection of the FEK(s) or KEK(s) and how they meet the encryption or derivation requirements,
including the direct chain from the initial
authorization to the FEK(s) or KEK(s). It shall also include any values that add into that key chain
or interact with the key chain and the protections that ensure those values do not
weaken or expose the overall strength of the key chain.
The diagram and essay will clearly illustrate the key hierarchy to ensure that at no
point the chain could be broken without a cryptographic exhaust or all of the initial
authorization values and the effective strength of the FEK(s) is maintained throughout
the key chain.
A description of the data encryption engine, its components, and details about its
implementation (e.g. initialization of the product, drivers, libraries (if
applicable), logical interfaces for encryption/decryption, and how resources to be encrypted are identified.
The description should also include the data flow from the device’s host interface to the device’s persistent media storing the data
or transmission to and endpoint,
information on those conditions in which the data bypasses the data encryption engine. The
description should be detailed enough to verify all platforms ensure that when the
user enables encryption, the product encrypts all selected resources.
The process for destroying keys when they are no longer needed by describing the
storage location of all keys and the protection of all keys stored in non-volatile
memory.
Diagram:
The diagram will include all keys from the initial authorization factor(s) to the FEK(s)
and any keys or values that contribute into the chain. It must list the cryptographic
strength of each key and indicate how each key along the chain is protected with
either options from key chaining requirement. The diagram
should indicate the input used to derive or decrypt each key in the chain.
A functional (block) diagram showing the main components (such as memories and
processors) the initial steps needed
for the activities the TOE performs to ensure it encrypts the targeted resources
when a user or administrator first provisions the product.
Appendix F - Bibliography
Identifier
Title
[CC]
Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation -
Federal Information Processing Standard Publication (FIPS-PUB) 140-2, Security
Requirements for Cryptographic Modules, National Institute of Standards and Technology,
March 19, 2007
[FIPS180-4]
Federal Information Processing Standards Publication (FIPS-PUB) 180-4, Secure
Hash Standard, March, 2012
[FIPS186-4]
Federal Information Processing Standard Publication (FIPS-PUB) 186-4, Digital
Signature Standard (DSS), National Institute of Standards and Technology, July 2013
[FIPS197]
Federal Information Processing Standards Publication (FIPS-PUB) 197,
Specification for the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), November 26, 2001
[FIPS198-1]
Federal Information Processing Standards Publication (FIPS-PUB) 198-1, The
Keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC), July 2008
[NIST800-38A]
NIST Special Publication 800-38A, Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of
Operation: Methods and Techniques, 2001 Edition
[NIST800-56A]
NIST Special Publication 800-56A, Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key
Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography (Revised), March 2007
[NIST800-56B]
NIST Special Publication 800-56B, Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key
Establishment Schemes Using Integer Factorization Cryptography, August 2009
[NIST800-90]
NIST Special Publication 800-90, Recommendation for Random Number Generation
Using Deterministic Random Bit Generators (Revised), March 2007
[NIST800-132]
NIST Special Publication 800-132, Recommendation for Password-Based Key
Derivation, December 2010
[NIST800-38F]
NIST Special Publication 800-38F,Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of
Operation: Methods for Key Wrapping, December 2012
