The TSF shall generate <h:b>asymmetric</h:b> cryptographic keys in accordance with a specified cryptographic key generation algorithm <h:b><h:ul> <h:li>ECC schemes using "NIST curve" P-384 that meets the following: FIPS PUB 186-5, "Digital Signature Standard (DSS)", Appendix A.2</h:li> </h:ul></h:b> <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable>RSA schemes using a cryptographic key size of 3072-bits that meet the following: FIPS PUB 186-5, "Digital Signature Standard (DSS)", Appendix A.1</selectable> <selectable>FFC schemes using "safe-prime" groups that meet the following: 'NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, "Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography"', and <selectables> <selectable>RFC 3526</selectable> <selectable>RFC 7919</selectable> </selectables></selectable> <selectable><h:b>no other key generation methods</h:b></selectable> </selectables>.

Regardless of the specific usage of the TOE, the focus of the Security Functional Requirements (SFRs) in this PP-Module is on the following fundamental aspects of a VPN client. Authentication of the IPsec peer Cryptographic protection of data in transit Implementation of services A VPN client can establish VPN connectivity to either a VPN gateway with traffic bound for a remote endpoint in the private network that is protected by the VPN gateway (Use Case 1), to a VPN client peer residing on a remote endpoint in the same network as the TOE (Use Case 2), or to a network device with IPsec capability for the purposes of managing that device (Use Case 3). In the first case, the entire IP packet is encapsulated and a new header is applied so that the gateway can route the packet to its intended destination. This is known as tunnel mode. In the latter two cases, the original IP header is preserved and only the payload is encrypted. This is known as transport mode. Beyond the implementation differences specified by these use cases, the remaining security functionality is expected to be implemented by all VPN clients, regardless of whether it supports one or more of the use cases. Regardless of the intended use case, VPN endpoints authenticate each other to ensure they are communicating with an authorized external IT entity. Authentication of IPsec peers is performed as part of the Internet Key Exchange (IKE) negotiation. The IKE negotiation uses a pre-existing public key infrastructure for authentication and can optionally use a pre-shared key. When IKE completes, an IPsec tunnel secured with Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) is established. It is assumed that the VPN client is implemented properly and contains no critical design mistakes. The VPN client relies on the system or device on which it is installed for its proper execution. The vendor is required to provide configuration guidance (AGD_PRE, AGD_OPE) to correctly install and administer the client machine and the TOE for every OE supported.

exact

extended

Protection Profile for General Purpose Operating Systems, Version 4.3

Protection Profile for Mobile Device Fundamentals, Version 3.3

cPP-Module for Wireless LAN Clients, version 1.1

PP-Module for Bluetooth, version 1.1

PP-Module for Mobile Device Management Agent, version 1.2

cPP-Module for Biometric Enrolment and Verification, version 1.1

Functional Package for Transport Layer Security Version 2.1

Functional Package for X.509 Version 1.0

Assurance Package for Flaw Remediation Version 1.0

The security problem is described in terms of the threats that the TOE is expected to address, assumptions about its OE, and any organizational security policies that the TOE is expected to enforce. This PP-Module is written to address the situation in which a user accesses a private network (e.g. the user’s office network) or terminal endpoint (e.g. a network device) using a less trusted network (such as a public Wi-Fi network or local area network). Protection of network packets is desired as they traverse a public network. To protect the data in transit from disclosure and modification, a VPN is created to establish secure communications. The VPN client provides one end of the secure VPN tunnel and performs encryption and decryption of network packets in accordance with a VPN security policy negotiated between the VPN client (TOE) and its IPsec peer. The proper installation and configuration of the VPN client is critical to its correct operation such that proper handling of the TOE by an administrator is also addressed. Note that as a PP-Module, all threats, assumptions, and organizational security policies (OSPs) defined in the Base-PP will also apply to a TOE unless otherwise specified, depending on which of the Base-PPs it extends. The SFRs defined in this PP-Module will mitigate the threats that are defined in the PP-Module but may also mitigate some threats defined in the Base-PPs in more comprehensive detail due to the specific capabilities provided by a VPN client.

The following threats defined in this PP-Module extend the threats defined by the Base-PPs. This PP-Module does not include requirements that can protect against an insider threat. Authorized users are not considered hostile or malicious and are trusted to follow appropriate guidance. Only authorized personnel should have access to the system or device that contains the IPsec VPN client. Therefore, the primary threat agents are the unauthorized entities that try to gain access to the protected network (in cases where tunnel mode is used) or to plaintext data that traverses the public network (regardless of whether transport mode or tunnel mode is used). The endpoint of the network communication can be both geographically and logically distant from the TOE and can pass through a variety of other systems. These intermediate systems may be under the control of the adversary, and offer an opportunity for communications over the network to be compromised. Plaintext communication over the network may allow critical data (such as passwords, configuration settings, and user data) to be read or manipulated directly by a malicious user or process on intermediate systems, leading to a compromise of the TOE or to the secured environmental systems that the TOE is being used to facilitate communications with. IPsec can be used to provide protection for this communication; however, there are numerous options that can be implemented for the protocol to be compliant to the protocol specification listed in the RFC. Some of these options can have negative impacts on the security of the connection. For instance, using a weak encryption algorithm (even one that is allowed by the RFC, such as DES) can allow an adversary to read and even manipulate the data on the encrypted channel, thus circumventing countermeasures in place to prevent such attacks. Further, if the protocol is implemented with little-used or non-standard options, it may be compliant with the protocol specification, but will not be able to interact with other diverse equipment that is typically found in large enterprises. Even though the communication path is protected, there is a possibility that the IPsec peer could be tricked into thinking that a malicious third-party user or system is the TOE. For instance, a middleman could intercept a connection request to the TOE and respond to the request as if it were the TOE. In a similar manner, the TOE could also be tricked into thinking that it is establishing communications with a legitimate IPsec peer when in fact it is not. An attacker could also mount a malicious man-in-the-middle-type of attack, in which an intermediate system is compromised, and the traffic is proxied, examined, and modified by this system. This attack can even be mounted via encrypted communication channels if appropriate countermeasures are not applied. These attacks are, in part, enabled by a malicious attacker capturing network traffic (for instance, an authentication session) and “playing back” that traffic in order to fool an endpoint into thinking it was communicating with a legitimate remote entity.

FTP_ITC.1 (additional to GPOS PP)

This SFR mitigates the threat by defining the use of IPsec for protecting data in transit.

FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1

This SFR mitigates the threat by requiring the TOE’s implementation of IPsec to include requirements for how the remote VPN gateway or peer is authenticated.

FIA_BMA_EXT.1 (optional)

This SFR mitigates the threat by optionally defining the TOE's support for a platform-based biometric mechanism to use as an authentication mechanism.

FPF_MFA_EXT.1 (optional)

This SFR mitigates the threat by optionally enforcing a multifactor authentication requirement on an IPsec connection.

FCS_EAP_EXT.1 (selection-based)

This SFR mitigates the threat by optionally implementing EAP-TLS or EAP-TTLS as a mechanism for authentication.

FIA_PSK_EXT.1 (selection-based)

This SFR mitigates the threat by optionally requiring support for pre-shared keys as an alternate authentication method for IPsec.

FIA_PSK_EXT.2 (selection-based)

This SFR mitigates the threat by optionally specifying whether the TOE generates its own pre-shared keys used for authentication or accept them from an external source.

FIA_PSK_EXT.3 (selection-based)

This SFR mitigates the threat by optionally defining the composition and use of password-based pre-shared keys used for authentication.

FIA_PSK_EXT.4 (selection-based)

This SFR mitigates the threat by optionally defining HOTP as an authentication mechanism.

FIA_PSK_EXT.5 (selection-based)

This SFR mitigates the threat by optionally defining TOTP as an authentication mechanism. Configuring VPN tunnels is a complex and time-consuming process, and prone to errors if the interface for doing so is not well-specified or well-behaved. The inability or failure of an ignorant or careless administrator to configure certain aspects of the interface may also lead to the incorrect specification of the desired communications policy or use of cryptography that may be desired or required for a particular site. This may result in unintended weak or plaintext communications while the user thinks that their data are being protected. Other aspects of configuring the TOE or using its security mechanisms (for example, the update process) may also result in a reduction in the trustworthiness of the VPN client.

FIA_X509_EXT.3 (additional to GPOS PP)

This SFR mitigates the threat by providing the ability to verify the integrity of the TSF using X.509 certificates.

FMT_SMF.1/VPN

This SFR mitigates the threat by requiring the TOE to implement certain administratively-configurable functions.

FPT_TST_EXT.1/VPN

This SFR mitigates the threat by requiring the TOE to execute self-tests that demonstrate that its integrity is maintained.

FAU_GEN.1/VPN (optional)

This SFR mitigates the threat by optionally requiring the TOE to generate audit records of its behavior.

FAU_SEL.1/VPN (optional)

This SFR mitigates the threat by optionally requiring the TOE to allow for the configuration of what behavior is audited. Data traversing the TOE could inadvertently be sent to a different user as a consequence of a poorly-designed TOE; since these data may be sensitive, this may cause a compromise that is unacceptable. The specific threat that must be addressed concerns user data that is retained by the TOE in the course of processing network traffic that could be inadvertently reused in sending network traffic to a user other than that intended by the sender of the original network traffic.

FCS_CKM_EXT.2 (additional to GPOS PP)

This SFR mitigates the threat by requiring the TOE to store sensitive data in the OS’ key storage.

FDP_VPN_EXT.1 (additional to MDF PP)

This SFR mitigates the threat by optionally requiring the TOE to prohibit split-tunneling so that network traffic cannot be transmitted outside of an established IPsec tunnel.

FCS_CKM_EXT.2 (additional to App PP)

This SFR mitigates the threat by requiring the TOE or its platform to store sensitive data in the OS' key storage.

FCS_CKM.6 (additional to App PP)

This SFR mitigates the threat by requiring the TOE or its platform to zeroize key data when no longer needed.

FDP_RIP.2

This SFR mitigates the threat by requiring the TOE or its platform to ensure that residual data is purged from the system.

FPF_MFA_EXT.1 (optional)

This SFR mitigates the threat by optionally requiring the TOE to prohibit transmission of packet data aside from those packets needed to perform multifactor authentication. Security mechanisms of the TOE generally build up from a primitive set of mechanisms (e.g., memory management, privileged modes of process execution) to more complex sets of mechanisms. Failure of the primitive mechanisms could lead to a compromise in more complex mechanisms, resulting in a compromise of the TSF.

FPT_TST_EXT.1/VPN

This SFR mitigates the threat by requiring the TOE to execute self-tests that demonstrate that its integrity is maintained.

FAU_GEN.1/VPN (optional)

This SFR mitigates the threat by optionally requiring the TOE to generate audit records of its behavior.

FAU_SEL.1/VPN (optional)

This SFR mitigates the threat by optionally requiring the TOE to allow for the configuration of what behavior is audited.

Information cannot flow onto the network to which the VPN client's host is connected without passing through the TOE.

This assumption is satisfied by the environmental objective that ensures network routes do not exist that allow traffic to be transmitted from the TOE system to its intended destination without going through the TOE’s IPsec tunnel.

Physical security, commensurate with the value of the TOE and the data it contains, is assumed to be provided by the environment.

This assumption is satisfied by the environmental objective that ensures the TOE is not deployed on a system that is vulnerable to loss of physical custody.

Personnel configuring the TOE and its OE will follow the applicable security configuration guidance.

This assumption is satisfied by the environmental objective that ensures that anyone responsible for administering the TOE can be trusted not to misconfigure it, whether intentionally or not.

Information cannot flow onto the network to which the VPN client’s host is connected without passing through the TOE.

Physical security, commensurate with the value of the TOE and the data it contains, is assumed to be provided by the environment.

Personnel configuring the TOE and its OE will follow the applicable security configuration guidance.

https://github.com/commoncriteria/operatingsystem release-4.3 https://www.niap-ccevs.org/static_html/protection-profile/469/OS%204.3%20PP/index.html

In a PP-Configuration that includes the GPOS PP, the VPN client is expected to rely on some of the security functions implemented by the OS as a whole and evaluated against the Base-PP. In this case, the following sections describe any modifications that the ST author must make to the SFRs defined in the Base-PP in addition to what is mandated by section 5.5.

The ST author is instructed to make specific selections at minimum to address VPN client requirements; the SFR behavior itself is unmodified.

This SFR is functionally identical to what is defined in the GPOS PP except that ECC key generation with support for P-384 has been made mandatory in support of IPsec due to the mandated support for Diffie-Hellman (DH) group 20 in FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.8. The text of the requirement is replaced with: The TSF shall generate asymmetric cryptographic keys in accordance with a specified cryptographic key generation algorithm ECC schemes using “NIST curve” P-384 that meet the following: FIPS PUB 186-5, “Digital Signature Standard (DSS),” Appendix A.2, and, [selection: RSA schemes using cryptographic key sizes of 3072-bit or greater that meet the following: FIPS PUB 186-5, "Digital Signature Standard (DSS)", Appendix A.1 FFC schemes using "safe-prime" groups that meet the following: 'NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, "Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography"', and [selection: RFC 3526, RFC 7919] No other key generation methods ].

The TSF shall generate <h:b>asymmetric</h:b> cryptographic keys in accordance with a specified cryptographic key generation algorithm <h:b><h:ul> <h:li>ECC schemes using "NIST curve" P-384 that meets the following: FIPS PUB 186-5, "Digital Signature Standard (DSS)", Appendix A.2</h:li> </h:ul></h:b> <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable>RSA schemes using a cryptographic key size of 3072-bits that meet the following: FIPS PUB 186-5, "Digital Signature Standard (DSS)", Appendix A.1</selectable> <selectable>FFC schemes using "safe-prime" groups that meet the following: 'NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, "Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography"', and <selectables> <selectable>RFC 3526</selectable> <selectable>RFC 7919</selectable> </selectables></selectable> <selectable><h:b>no other key generation methods</h:b></selectable> </selectables>.

The ST author is instructed to make specific selections at minimum to address VPN client requirements; the SFR behavior itself is unmodified.

This SFR is functionally identical to what is defined in the GPOS PP except that elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) key generation with support for P-384 has been made mandatory in support of IPsec due to the mandated support for DH group 20 in FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.8. The text of the requirement is replaced with: The TSF shall implement functionality to perform cryptographic key establishment in accordance with a specified cryptographic key establishment method: Elliptic curve-based key establishment schemes that meet the following: NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, “Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography,” and [selection: RSA-based key establishment schemes that meet the following: RSAES-PKCS1-v1_5 as specified in Section 7.2 of RFC 8017, “Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS) #1: RSA Cryptography Specifications Version 2.2" Finite field-based key establishment schemes that meets NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, “Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography” No other key generation methods ].

The TSF shall implement functionality to perform cryptographic key establishment in accordance with a specified cryptographic key establishment method: <h:ul> <h:li><h:b><h:i>Elliptic curve-based key establishment schemes that meet the following: NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, “Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography,” and</h:i></h:b> </h:li> </h:ul> <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable>RSA-based key establishment schemes that meet the following: RSAES-PKCS1-v1_5 as specified in Section 7.2 of RFC 8017, “Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS) #1: RSA Cryptography Specifications Version 2.2"</selectable> <selectable>Finite field-based key establishment schemes that meets NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, “Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography”</selectable> <selectable exclusive="yes"><h:b>No other key establishment schemes</h:b></selectable> </selectables>.

The SFR is refined to mandate AES modes that must be supported to address VPN client requirements; the use of these modes for VPN connectivity does not impact the ability of the TSF to satisfy any of its other security requirements.

This SFR is identical to what is defined in the GPOS PP except that support for CBC and GCM mode is mandatory in order to address the requirements for FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1. The text of the requirement is replaced with: The TSF shall perform [encryption/decryption services for data] in accordance with a specified cryptographic algorithm AES-CBC (as defined in NIST SP 800-38A), AES-GCM (as defined in NIST SP 800-38D), and and [selection: AES-XTS (as defined in NIST SP 800-38E) AES-CTR (as defined in NIST SP 800-38A) AES Key Wrap (KW) (as defined in NIST SP 800-38F) AES Key Wrap with Padding (KWP) (as defined in NIST SP 800-38F) AES-CCMP-256 (as defined in NIST SP 800-38C and IEEE 802.11ac-2013) AES-GCMP-256 (as defined in NIST SP 800-38D and IEEE 802.11ac-2013) AES-CCM (as defined in NIST SP 800-38D) no other modes ] and cryptographic key sizes 256-bit and [selection:128-bit, no other bit size].

The TSF shall perform [<h:i>encryption/decryption services for data</h:i>] in accordance with a specified cryptographic algorithm<h:b> <h:ul><h:b> <h:li>AES-CBC (as defined in NIST SP 800-38A),</h:li> <h:li>AES-GCM (as defined in NIST SP 800-38D), and</h:li></h:b> </h:ul></h:b> and <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable id="s-aes-ctr"><h:b>AES-XTS (as defined in NIST SP 800-38E)</h:b></selectable> <selectable id="s-aes-ctr"><h:b>AES-CTR (as defined in NIST SP 800-38A)</h:b></selectable> <selectable id="s-aes-kw">AES Key Wrap (KW) (as defined in NIST SP 800-38F)</selectable> <selectable id="s-aes-kwp">AES Key Wrap with Padding (KWP) (as defined in NIST SP 800-38F)</selectable> <selectable id="s-aes-ccmp">AES-CCMP-256 (as defined in NIST SP 800-38C and IEEE 802.11ac-2013)</selectable> <selectable id="s-aes-gcmp">AES-GCMP-256 (as defined in NIST SP 800-38D and IEEE 802.11ac-2013)</selectable> <selectable id="s-aes-ccm"> AES-CCM (as defined in NIST SP 800-38C)</selectable> <selectable exclusive="yes">no other modes</selectable> </selectables> and cryptographic key sizes 256-bit and <selectables> <selectable id="s-128">128-bit</selectable> <selectable>no other bit size</selectable> </selectables>.

Components in this family describe requirements for key management functionality such as key storage and destruction.

Storage of key data related to VPN functionality can be accomplished using the same mechanism defined by FCS_STO_EXT.1 in the GPOS PP.

requires the TSF to securely store key data when not in use.

No specific management functions are identified. There are no auditable events foreseen. No dependencies.

The <selectables> <selectable>VPN client</selectable> <selectable>OS</selectable> </selectables> shall store persistent secrets and private keys when not in use in OS-provided key storage. This requirement ensures that persistent secrets (credentials, secret keys) and private keys are stored securely when not in use. If some secrets or keys are manipulated by the VPN client and others are manipulated by the OS, then both of the selections can be specified by the ST author. Regardless of whether this requirement is met by the VPN client or the OS, the evaluator shall check the TSS to ensure that it lists each persistent secret (credential, secret key) and private key needed to meet the requirements in the ST. For each of these items, the evaluator shall confirm that the TSS lists for what purpose it is used, and how it is stored. The evaluator shall review the TSS to determine that it makes a case that, for each item listed as being manipulated, it is not written unencrypted to persistent memory, and that the item is stored by the OS. There are no guidance EAs for this requirement. There are no test EAs for this component.

Components in this family describe the requirements that pertain to IP traffic and information flow through the VPN client.

This SFR defines additional uses for X.509 certificate functionality that do not conflict with those defined in the GPOS PP.

requires the TOE to perform X.509 certificate authentication and describes the behavior that is followed if the status of the certificate is unknown or invalid.

No specific management functions are identified. There are no auditable events foreseen. FIA_X509_EXT.1 X.509 Certificate Validation FPT_TST_EXT.1 TSF Self-Test FPT_TUD_EXT.1 Trusted Update

The TSF shall use X.509v3 certificates as defined by RFC 5280 to support authentication for IPsec exchanges, and <selectables> <selectable>digital signatures for FPT_TUD_EXT.1</selectable> <selectable>integrity checks for FPT_TST_EXT.1</selectable> <selectable exclusive="yes">no additional uses</selectable> </selectables>.

FIA_X509_EXT.3.1 is evaluated as part of FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1 (and conditionally as part of FPT_TUD_EXT.1 or FPT_TST_EXT.1).

When a connection to determine the validity of a certificate cannot be established, the <selectables onlyone="yes"> <selectable>VPN client</selectable> <selectable>OS</selectable> </selectables> shall <selectables onlyone="yes"> <selectable>allow the administrator to choose whether to accept the certificate in these cases</selectable> <selectable>accept the certificate</selectable> <selectable>not accept the certificate</selectable> </selectables>. Oftentimes a connection must be established to perform a verification of the revocation status of a certificate - either to download a certificate revocation list (CRL) or to use the online certificate status protocol (OCSP) to check revocation status. The selection is used to describe the behavior in the event that such a connection cannot be established (for example, due to a network error). The behavior of the TOE in these cases is described by the second selection. If the TOE has determined the certificate is valid according to all other rules in FIA_X509_EXT.1 in , the behavior indicated in the second selection will determine the validity. The TOE must not accept the certificate if it fails any of the other validation rules in FIA_X509_EXT.1 in . If the administrator-configured option is selected by the ST Author, the ST author must also make the appropriate selection in FMT_SMF.1/VPN. The evaluator shall check the TSS to ensure that it describes whether the VPN client or the OS implements the certificate validation functionality, how the VPN client/OS chooses which certificates to use, and any necessary instructions in the administrative guidance for configuring the OS so that desired certificates can be used. The evaluator shall examine the TSS to confirm that it describes the behavior of the client/OS when a connection cannot be established during the validity check of a certificate used in establishing a trusted channel. If the requirement indicates that the administrator is able to specify the default action, then the evaluator shall ensure that the operational guidance contains instructions on how this configuration action is performed. The evaluator shall perform the following test regardless of whether the certificate validation functionality is implemented by the VPN client or by the OS: The evaluator shall demonstrate that using a valid certificate that requires certificate validation checking to be performed in at least some part by communicating with a non-TOE IT entity. The evaluator shall then manipulate the environment so that the TOE is unable to verify the validity of the certificate, and observe that the action selected in FIA_X509_EXT.3.2 is performed. If the selected action is administrator-configurable, then the evaluator shall follow the operational guidance to determine that all supported administrator-configurable options behave in their documented manner.

The <selectables onlyone="yes"> <selectable>VPN client</selectable> <selectable>OS</selectable> </selectables> shall not establish an SA if a certificate or certificate path is deemed invalid.

FIA_X509_EXT.3.3 is evaluated as part of FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.11.

This SFR defines a trusted channel for IPsec, which is added functionality that does not prevent the existing OS functions from being performed.

The <h:b><selectables onlyone="yes"> <selectable>VPN client</selectable> <selectable>OS</selectable> </selectables> shall use IPsec to</h:b> provide a <h:b>trusted</h:b> communication channel between itself and <h:b> <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable>a remote VPN gateway</selectable> <selectable>a remote VPN client</selectable> <selectable>a remote IPsec-capable network device</selectable> </selectables></h:b> that is logically distinct from other communication channels and provides assured identification of its end points and protection of the channel data from <h:b>disclosure and detection of modification of the channel data</h:b>.

The <h:b> <selectables onlyone="yes"> <selectable>VPN client</selectable> <selectable>OS</selectable> </selectables></h:b> shall permit [<h:i>the TSF</h:i>] to initiate communication via the trusted channel.

The <h:b> <selectables onlyone="yes"> <selectable>VPN client</selectable> <selectable>OS</selectable> </selectables></h:b> shall initiate communication via the trusted channel for [<h:i>all traffic traversing that connection</h:i>]. The intent of the above requirement is to demonstrate that IPsec can be used to establish remote communications in transport mode, tunnel mode, or both. The requirement implies that not only are communications protected when they are initially established, but also on resumption after an outage. It may be the case that some part of the TOE setup involves manually setting up tunnels to protect other communication, and if after an outage the TOE attempts to reestablish the communication automatically with (the necessary) manual intervention, there may be a window created where an attacker might be able to gain critical information or compromise a connection. The evaluator shall examine the TSS to determine that it describes the details of the TOE connecting to a VPN gateway, VPN client, or IPsec-capable network device in terms of the cryptographic protocols specified in the requirement, along with TOE-specific options or procedures that might not be reflected in the specification. The evaluator shall also confirm that all protocols listed in the TSS are specified and included in the requirements in the ST. The evaluator shall confirm that the operational guidance contains instructions for establishing the connection to a VPN gateway, VPN client, or IPsec-capable network device, and that it contains recovery instructions should a connection be unintentionally broken. The evaluator shall perform the following tests: The evaluator shall ensure that the TOE is able to initiate communications with a VPN gateway, VPN client, or IPsec-capable network device using the protocols specified in the requirement, setting up the connections as described in the operational guidance and ensuring that communication is successful. The evaluator shall ensure, for each communication channel with an IPsec peer, the channel data is not sent in plaintext. The evaluator shall ensure, for each communication channel with an IPsec peer, modification of the channel data is detected by the TOE. The evaluator shall physically interrupt the connection from the TOE to the IPsec peer. The evaluator shall ensure that subsequent communications are appropriately protected, at a minimum in the case of any attempts to automatically resume the connection or connect to a new access point. Further EAs are associated with requirements for FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.

Initiation of the trusted channel.

Identification of the initiator and target.

Termination of the trusted channel.

No additional information.

Failure of the trusted channel functions.

Identification of the initiator and target, reason for failure.

If this PP-Module is used to extend the GPOS PP, the TOE type for the overall TOE is still a general-purpose OS. The TOE boundary is simply extended to include VPN client functionality that is built into the OS so that additional security functionality is claimed within the scope of the TOE.

The threats and assumptions defined by this PP-Module (see sections 3.1 and 3.2) supplement those defined in the GPOS PP as follows:

The security objectives defined by this PP-Module (see sections 4.1 and 4.2) supplement those defined in the GPOS PP as follows:

The threat of an attacker gaining access to a network interface or data that is transmitted over it is consistent with the T.NETWORK_ATTACK and T.NETWORK_EAVESDROP threats in the GPOS PP.

The threat of a misconfigured VPN client is consistent with the T.NETWORK_ATTACK and T.NETWORK_EAVESDROP threats on the GPOS PP because misconfiguration could allow VPN traffic to be subjected unexpectedly to unauthorized modification or disclosure.

Inadvertent disclosure of user data to an unauthorized recipient is consistent with the T.NETWORK_EAVESDROP threat in the GPOS PP.

A failure of TSF functionality could compromise the local system, which is consistent with the T.LOCAL_ATTACK threat in the GPOS PP.

The A.NO_TOE_BYPASS assumption assumes that the OE is configured in such a manner that the only network route to the protected network is through the TOE. This does not conflict with the GPOS PP because the GPOS PP makes no assumptions about the network architecture in which the TOE is deployed.

The assumption that physical security is provided by the environment is not explicitly stated in the GPOS PP but is consistent with the A.PLATFORM assumption defined in the GPOS PP, which expects the computing platform to be trusted.

The assumption that personnel responsible for the TOE’s configuration are trusted to follow the guidance is consistent with the A.PROPER_ADMIN defined in the GPOS PP.

This objective addresses behavior that is out of scope of the GPOS PP and does not define an environment that a GPOS TOE is incapable of existing in.

This is part of satisfying OE.PLATFORM as defined in the GPOS PP because physical security is required for hardware to be considered ‘trusted.’

The expectation of trusted configuration is consistent with OE.PROPER_USER and OE.PROPER_ADMIN in the GPOS PP.

The ST author is instructed to make specific selections at minimum to address VPN client requirements; the SFR behavior itself is unmodified.

The SFR is refined to list an additional AES mode that must be supported to address VPN client requirements; the use of this mode for VPN connectivity does not impact the ability of the GPOS to satisfy any of its other security requirements.

Storage of key data related to VPN functionality can be accomplished using the same mechanism defined by FCS_STO_EXT.1 in the GPOS PP.

This SFR defines additional uses for X.509 certificate functionality that do not conflict with those defined in the GPOS PP.

This SFR defines a trusted channel for IPsec, which is added functionality that does not prevent the existing GPOS functions from being performed.

Generation of IKE peer authentication keys is added functionality that does not prevent the existing GPOS functions from being performed.

This SFR defines the VPN client’s IPsec implementation, which is added functionality that does not interfere with the GPOS functions.

The requirement to protect against reuse of residual data is a property of the VPN client behavior and does not impact the GPOS functionality.

The ability to configure the VPN client behavior does not affect whether the GPOS as a whole can perform its security functions.

Self-testing of the VPN client functionality does not impact the ability of the GPOS to perform its security functions.

Audit records generated by the VPN client do not interfere with GPOS functionality. The possibility of the underlying OS platform generating audit records is consistent with the GPOS PP, which already contains FAU_GEN.1.

The ability to suppress the generation of certain audit records related to VPN activity does not interfere with the ability of the GPOS to satisfy its security functionality.

The ability of the VPN client to prevent split tunneling of IPsec traffic requires it to have hooks into lower-level OS behavior, but there are no requirements in the GPOS PP that would prevent this functionality from being supported.

This SFR relates to biometric authentication, which does not conflict with the GPOS PP because it may be a function offered by the part of the TOE described by the GPOS PP.

This SFR relates specifically to the handling of traffic that is used for the establishment of IPsec connections.

This SFR defines an additional cryptographic protocol that is beyond the scope of those defined in the GPOS PP but does not prevent any GPOS PP functionality from being implemented.

This SFR defines the use of pre-shared keys, which is behavior that only relates to the establishment of IPsec connections.

This SFR relates to use of pre-shared keys, which is behavior that only applies to the establishment of IPsec connections.

https://github.com/commoncriteria/mobile-device release-3.3 https://www.niap-ccevs.org/static_html/protection-profile/468/MDF%203.3%20PP/index.html

In a PP-Configuration that includes the MDF PP, the VPN client is expected to rely on some of the security functions implemented by the OS as a whole and evaluated against the Base-PP. In this case, the following sections describe any modifications that the ST author must make to the SFRs defined in the Base-PP in addition to what is mandated by section 5.5.

The ST author is instructed to make specific selections at minimum to address VPN client requirements; the SFR behavior itself is unmodified.

This SFR is functionally identical to what is defined in the MDF PP except that ECC key generation with support for P-384 has been made mandatory in support of IPsec due to the mandated support for DH group 20 in FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.8. Curve25519 schemes remain selectable for their potential use in satisfying FDP_DAR_EXT.2.2 in the MDF PP; these schemes are not used in support of IPsec. RSA support remains present as a selection since it may be used by parts of the TOE that are not specifically related to VPN client functionality. The text of the requirement is replaced with: The TSF shall generate asymmetric cryptographic keys in accordance with a specified cryptographic key generation algorithm ECC schemes using "NIST curve" P-384 that meets the following: FIPS PUB 186-5, "Digital Signature Standard (DSS)", Appendix A.2 and [selection: RSA schemes using cryptographic key sizes of 3072 bits that meet the following: [FIPS PUB 186-5, “Digital Signature Standard (DSS),” Appendix A.1] ECC schemes using Curve25519 schemes that meet the following: [RFC 7748] FFC schemes using "safe-prime" groups that meet the following: 'NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, "Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography"', and [selection: RFC 3526, RFC 7919] no other key generation methods ].

The TSF shall generate <refinement>asymmetric</refinement> cryptographic keys in accordance with a specified cryptographic key generation algorithm <h:ul> <h:li>ECC schemes using "NIST curve" P-384 that meets the following: FIPS PUB 186-5, "Digital Signature Standard (DSS)", Appendix A.2</h:li> </h:ul> and <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable><h:b>RSA schemes using</h:b> cryptographic key sizes of <assignable id="a-keygen-rsa-size">3072-bit or greater</assignable> that meet [<h:i>FIPS PUB 186-5, "Digital Signature Standard (DSS)", Appendix A.1</h:i>]</selectable> <selectable id="s-keygen-ecc"><h:b>ECC schemes using: </h:b><selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable><refinement>"NIST curves" P-384</refinement> that meet the following: [<h:i>FIPS PUB 186-5, "Digital Signature Standard (DSS)", Appendix A.2</h:i>]</selectable> <selectable><refinement>Curve25519 schemes</refinement> that meet the following: [<h:i>RFC 7748</h:i>]</selectable></selectables></selectable> <selectable>FFC schemes using "safe-prime" groups that meet the following: 'NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, "Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography"', and <selectables> <selectable>RFC 3526</selectable> <selectable>RFC 7919</selectable> </selectables></selectable> <selectable><h:b>no other key generation methods</h:b></selectable> </selectables>.

The ST author is instructed to make specific selections at minimum to address VPN client requirements; the SFR behavior itself is unmodified.

This SFR differs from its definition in the MDF PP by moving elliptic curve-based key establishment schemes from selectable to mandatory, due to the mandated support for DH group 20 in FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.8. This PP-Module does not require the use of RSA for any function but it is present in the selection in case other MDF PP functions require its use. The text of the requirement is replaced with: The TSF shall perform cryptographic key establishment in accordance with a specified cryptographic key establishment method: [Elliptic curve-based key establishment schemes] that meet the following: [NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, “Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography”] [selection: [RSA-based key establishment schemes] that meet the following: [selection: NIST Special Publication 800-56B, “Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Integer Factorization Cryptography” RSAES-PKCS1-v1_5 as specified in Section 7.2 of RFC 8017, “Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS) #1: RSA Cryptography Specifications Version 2.2" [Finite field-based key establishment schemes] that meet the following: [NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, "Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography"] no other key establishment schemes ].

The TSF shall perform cryptographic <refinement>key establishment</refinement> in accordance with a specified cryptographic key <refinement>establishment</refinement> method <h:ul> <h:li><h:b>[<h:i>Elliptic curve-based key establishment schemes</h:i>] that meet the following: [<h:i>NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, "Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography"</h:i>]</h:b></h:li> </h:ul> <h:b>and</h:b> <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable>[<h:i>RSA-based key establishment schemes</h:i>] that meet the following <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable>NIST Special Publication 800-56B, “Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Integer Factorization Cryptography”</selectable> <selectable>RSAES-PKCS1-v1_5 as specified in Section 7.2 of RFC 8017, "Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS) #1:RSA Cryptography Specifications Version 2.2"</selectable> </selectables></selectable> <selectable>[<h:i>Finite field-based key establishment schemes</h:i>] that meet the following: [<h:i>NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, "Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography"</h:i>]</selectable> <selectable><h:b>no other key establishment schemes</h:b></selectable> </selectables>.

The ST author is instructed to make specific selections at minimum to address VPN client requirements; the SFR behavior itself is unmodified.

This SFR is identical to what is defined in the MDF PP except that support for GCM mode and support for 256-bit key sizes are both mandatory in order to address the requirements for FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1. The text of the requirement is replaced with: The TSF shall perform [encryption/decryption] in accordance with a specified cryptographic algorithm: [ AES-CBC (as defined in FIPS PUB 197, and NIST SP 800-38A) mode AES-CCMP (as defined in FIPS PUB 197, NIST SP 800-38C and IEEE 802.11-2012), AES-GCM (as defined in NIST SP 800-38D), and [selection: AES Key Wrap (KW) (as defined in NIST SP 800-38F) AES Key Wrap with Padding (KWP) (as defined in NIST SP 800-38F) AES-CCM (as defined in NIST SP 800-38C) AES-XTS (as defined in NIST SP 800-38E) mode AES-CCMP-256 (as defined in NIST SP800-38C and IEEE 802.11ac-2013) AES-GCMP-256 (as defined in NIST SP800-38D and IEEE 802.11ac-2013) no other modes ] ] and cryptographic key sizes [128-bit key sizes and [256-bit key sizes]].

The TSF shall perform [<h:i>encryption/decryption</h:i>] in accordance with a specified cryptographic algorithm: [<h:i> <h:br/> <h:ul> <h:li>AES-CBC (as defined in FIPS PUB 197, and NIST SP 800-38A) mode</h:li> <h:li>AES-CCMP (as defined in FIPS PUB 197, NIST SP 800-38C and IEEE 802.11-2012), </h:li> <h:li><h:b>AES-GCM (as defined in NIST SP 800-38D), and </h:b></h:li> <h:li><selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable>AES Key Wrap (KW) (as defined in NIST SP 800-38F)</selectable> <selectable>AES Key Wrap with Padding (KWP) (as defined in NIST SP 800-38F)</selectable> <selectable>AES-CCM (as defined in NIST SP 800-38C)</selectable> <selectable>AES-XTS (as defined in NIST SP 800-38E) mode</selectable> <selectable>AES-CCMP-256 (as defined in NIST SP800-38C and IEEE 802.11ac-2013)</selectable> <selectable>AES-GCMP-256 (as defined in NIST SP800-38D and IEEE 802.11ac-2013)</selectable> <selectable exclusive="yes">no other modes</selectable></selectables></h:li> </h:ul> </h:i>] and cryptographic key sizes [<h:i>128-bit key sizes and [256-bit key sizes]</h:i>].

The ST author is instructed to make specific selections at minimum to address VPN client requirements; the SFR behavior itself is unmodified.

This SFR is identical to its definition in the Base-PP except that the selection item that requires the TOE to implement its own VPN client is always selected when the TOE’s conformance claim includes this PP-Module. The text of the requirement is replaced with: The TSF shall [ provide a VPN client which can protect all IP traffic using IPsec as defined in the PP-Module for VPN Client ] with the exception of IP traffic needed to manage the VPN connection, and [selection: [assignment: traffic needed for correct functioning of the TOE], no other traffic] when the VPN is enabled.

The TSF shall [<h:ul> <h:li><h:i>provide a VPN client which can protect all IP traffic using IPsec as defined in the PP-Module for <h:b>VPN Client</h:b></h:i></h:li> </h:ul>] with the exception of IP traffic needed to manage the VPN connection, and <selectables> <selectable><assignable>traffic needed for correct functioning of the TOE</assignable></selectable> <selectable>no other traffic</selectable></selectables> when the VPN is enabled.

This PP-Module modifies the management function regarding Always-on VPN protection.

This PP-Module requires that Always On VPN protection be enabled across the entire device and does not permit this to be applied at the level of an application or group of application processes. This SFR is not reproduced in its entirety for size purposes. The only change to this SFR is the following change to management function 45: 45. enable/disable the Always On VPN protection: across device [no other method] M O O O

This PP-Module adds IPsec as a new protocol that is used to implement trusted channels.

This SFR is identical to what is defined in the Base-PP except that support for IPsec is mandated. Additionally, since the Base-PP requires ‘at least one of’ the selected protocols which previously included IPsec, ‘no other protocols’ is now available as an option in the selection. The text of FTP_ITC_EXT.1.1 is replaced with (the other elements are unaffected): The TSF shall use 802.11-2012 in accordance with the [PP-Module for Wireless LAN Clients, version 1.1], 802.1X in accordance with the [PP-Module for Wireless LAN Clients, version 1.1], EAP-TLS in accordance with the [PP-Module for Wireless LAN Clients, version 1.1], Mutually authenticated TLS in accordance with the [Functional Package for TLS, version 2.1], IPsec in accordance with the [PP-Module for VPN Clients, version 2.6], and [selection: mutually authenticated DTLS as defined in the Functional Package for TLS, version 2.1 HTTPS no other protocols to provide a communication channel between itself and another trusted IT product using certificates as defined in [Functional Package for X.509, version 1.0] that is logically distinct from other communication channels, provides assured identification of its end points, protects channel data from disclosure, and detects modification of the channel data.

The TSF shall use <h:ul> <h:li>802.11-2012 in accordance with the [<h:i><xref to="mod-wlanclient"/></h:i>],</h:li> <h:li>802.1X in accordance with the [<h:i><xref to="mod-wlanclient"/></h:i>],</h:li> <h:li>EAP-TLS in accordance with the [<h:i><xref to="mod-wlanclient"/></h:i>],</h:li> <h:li>Mutually authenticated TLS in accordance with [<h:i>the <xref to="pkg-tls"/></h:i>]</h:li> <h:li>IPsec in accordance with the [<h:i><xref to="mod-vpnclient"/></h:i>],</h:li> </h:ul> and <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable id="itc_dtls"><snip>mutually authenticated DTLS</snip> as defined in the <xref to="pkg-tls"/></selectable> <selectable>HTTPS</selectable> <selectable><h:b>no other</h:b></selectable> </selectables> protocols to provide a communication channel between itself and another trusted IT product using certificates as defined in [<h:i><xref to="pkg-x509"/></h:i>] that is logically distinct from other communication channels, provides assured identification of its end points, protects channel data from disclosure, and detects modification of the channel data.

Components in this family describe the requirements that pertain to IP traffic and information flow through the VPN client.

requires the TSF to process all IP traffic through its VPN client functionality.

No specific management functions are identified. There are no auditable events foreseen. FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1 IPsec

The TSF shall ensure that all IP traffic (other than IP traffic required to establish the VPN connection) flow through the IPsec VPN client. This requirement is implementation-dependent on the MDF PP being the Base-PP claimed by the TOE. In this case, this requirement must be claimed. For all other Base-PPs, this requirement is strictly optional. This requirement is used when the VPN client is able to enforce the requirement through its own components. This generally will have to be done through using hooks provided by the platform such that the TOE is able to ensure that no IP traffic can flow through other network interfaces. The evaluator shall verify that the TSS section of the ST describes the routing of IP traffic through processes on the TSF when a VPN client is enabled. The evaluator shall ensure that the description indicates which traffic does not go through the VPN and which traffic does and that a configuration exists for each baseband protocol in which only the traffic identified by the ST author is necessary for establishing the VPN connection (IKE traffic and perhaps HTTPS or DNS traffic) is not encapsulated by the VPN protocol (IPsec). The ST author shall also identify in the TSS section any differences in the routing of IP traffic when using any supported baseband protocols (e.g. Wi-Fi, LTE). The evaluator shall verify that the following is addressed by the documentation: The description above indicates that if a VPN client is enabled, all configurations route all IP traffic (other than IP traffic required to establish the VPN connection) through the VPN client. The guidance describes how the user or administrator can configure the TSF to meet this requirement. The evaluator shall perform the following test: Step 1 - The evaluator shall use the platform to enable a network connection without using IPsec. The evaluator shall use a packet sniffing tool between the platform and an internet-connected network. The evaluator shall turn on the sniffing tool and perform actions with the device such as navigating to websites, using provided applications, accessing other internet resources (Use Case 1), accessing another VPN client (Use Case 2), or accessing an IPsec-capable network device (Use Case 3). The evaluator shall verify that the sniffing tool captures the traffic generated by these actions, turn off the sniffing tool, and save the session data. Step 2 - The evaluator shall configure an IPsec VPN client that supports the routing specified in this requirement, and if necessary, configure the device to perform the routing specified as described in the AGD guidance. The evaluator shall turn on the sniffing tool, establish the VPN connection, and perform the same actions with the device as performed in the first step. The evaluator shall verify that the sniffing tool captures traffic generated by these actions, turn off the sniffing tool, and save the session data. Step 3 - The evaluator shall examine the traffic from both step one and step two to verify that all IP traffic, aside from and after traffic necessary for establishing the VPN (such as IKE, DNS, and possibly HTTPS), is encapsulated by IPsec. Step 4 - The evaluator shall attempt to send packets to the TOE outside the VPN connection and shall verify that the TOE discards them.

If this PP-Module is used to extend the MDF PP, the TOE type for the overall TOE is still a mobile device. The TOE boundary is simply extended to include VPN client functionality that is built into the device’s software so that additional security functionality is claimed within the scope of the TOE.

The threats and assumptions defined by this PP-Module (see sections 3.1 and 3.2) supplement those defined in the MDF PP as follows:

The security objectives defined by this PP-Module (see sections 4.1 and 4.2) supplement those defined in the MDF PP as follows:

The threat of an attacker gaining access to a network interface or data that is transmitted over it is consistent with the T.NETWORK and T.EAVESDROP threats in the MDF PP.

The threat of a misconfigured VPN client is consistent with the T.NETWORK and T.EAVESDROP threats in the MDF PP because failure to mitigate against misconfiguration makes these threats more significant.

Inadvertent disclosure of user data to an unauthorized recipient is consistent with the T.EAVESDROP threat in the MDF PP.

A failure of TSF functionality could compromise the local system, which is consistent with the T.FLAWAPP threat in the MDF PP.

The A.NO_TOE_BYPASS assumption assumes that the OE is configured in such a manner that the only network route to the protected network is through the TOE. This does not conflict with the MDF PP because the MDF PP makes no assumptions about the network architecture in which the TOE is deployed.

The MDF PP includes the A.NOTIFY and A.PRECAUTION assumptions to mitigate the risk of physical theft of the TOE. This is consistent with the A.PHYSICAL assumption in this PP-Module because the MDF PP includes reasonable assumptions about the physical security of the TOE.

This assumption is consistent with the MDF PP because the MDF PP includes the A.CONFIG assumption which assumes that all security functions are appropriately configured.

This objective addresses behavior that is out of scope of the MDF PP and does not define an environment that an MDF TOE is incapable of existing in.

The operational environment of a mobile device cannot guarantee physical security, but the OE.PRECAUTION objective in the MDF PP ensures that an appropriate level of physical security is provided.

The expectation of trusted configuration is consistent with OE.CONFIG in the MDF PP.

The ST author is instructed to make specific selections at minimum to address VPN client requirements; the SFR behavior itself is unmodified.

This PP-Module adds IPsec as a new trusted protocol where x.509 certificate authentication is used.

This PP-Module adds IPsec as a new protocol that is used to implement trusted channels.

This SFR defines the method of key generation for IKE peer authentication, which is a function that does not interfere with the functionality defined in the MDF PP.

This SFR defines the VPN client’s IPsec implementation, which is added functionality that does not interfere with the MDF functions.

The requirement to protect against reuse of residual data is a property of the VPN client behavior and does not impact the MDF functionality.

The ability to configure the VPN client behavior does not affect whether the MDF as a whole can perform its security functions.

Self-testing of the VPN client functionality does not impact the ability of the MDF to perform its security functions.

Audit records generated by the VPN client do not interfere with MDF functionality. The possibility of the underlying MDF platform generating audit records is consistent with the MDF PP, which already contains FAU_GEN.1.

The ability to suppress the generation of certain VPN client audit records does not interfere with MDM functionality. The MDF PP already contains FAU_SEL.1 as an objective SFR which means that this functionality does not conflict with the expected behavior of a mobile device.

The ability of the VPN client to prevent split tunneling of IPsec traffic requires it to have hooks into lower-level mobile device behavior, but there are no requirements in the MDF PP that would prevent this functionality from being supported.

This SFR relates to biometric authentication, which does not conflict with the MDF PP because it may be a function offered by the part of the TOE described by the MDF PP.

This SFR relates specifically to the handling of traffic that is used for the establishment of IPsec connections.

This SFR defines an additional cryptographic protocol that is beyond the scope of those defined in the MDF PP but does not prevent any MDF PP functionality from being implemented.

This SFR defines the use of pre-shared keys, which is behavior that only relates to the establishment of IPsec connections.

This SFR relates to use of pre-shared keys, which is behavior that only applies to the establishment of IPsec connections.

https://github.com/commoncriteria/application release-1.4 https://www.niap-ccevs.org/static_html/protection-profile/462/462/index.html

In a PP-Configuration that includes the App PP, the VPN client is expected to rely on some of the security functions implemented by the OS as a whole and evaluated against the Base-PP. In this case, the following sections describe any modifications that the ST author must make to the SFRs defined in the Base-PP in addition to what is mandated by section 5.5.

The ST author is instructed to make specific selections at minimum to address VPN client requirements; the SFR behavior itself is unmodified. Additionally, this behavior is selection-based in the App PP but is made mandatory since it is required for VPN client functionality.

This SFR is selection-based in the App PP depending on the selection made in FCS_CKM_EXT.1. Because key generation services (whether implemented by the TOE or invoked from the platform) are required for IPsec, this SFR is mandatory for any TOE that claims conformance to this PP-Module. This SFR is functionally identical to what is defined in the App PP except that ECC key generation with P-384 has been made mandatory in support of IPsec due to the mandated support for DH group 20 in FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.8. RSA remains present as a selection since it may be used by parts of the TOE that are not specifically related to VPN client functionality. The selection for "no other key generation methods" was added in case the algorithms that IPsec requires are the TSF's only use of key generation. The text of the requirement is replaced with: The application shall [selection: invoke platform-provided functionality implement functionality] to generate asymmetric cryptographic keys in accordance with a specified cryptographic key generation algorithm [ECC schemes] using [“NIST curves” P-384 and [selection: P-521, no other curves]] that meet the following: [FIPS PUB 186-5, “Digital Signature Standard (DSS),” Appendix A.2] and [selection: [RSA schemes] using cryptographic key sizes of [3072-bit or greater] that meet the following: [FIPS PUB 186-5, "Digital Signature Standard (DSS)," Appendix A.1] [FFC Schemes] using [“safe-prime” groups] [selection: MODP-3072 MODP-4096 MODP-6144 MODP-8192 ffdhe-3072 ffdhe-4096 ffdhe-6144 ffdhe-8192 that meet the following: [NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, “Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography” and [selection: RFC 3526, RFC 7919]] Leighton-Micali Signature Algorithm using the parameter sets LMS_SHAKE_M24_H5 LMS_SHAKE_M24_H10 LMS_SHAKE_M24_H15 LMS_SHAKE_M24_H25 LMS_SHAKE_M32_H5 LMS_SHAKE_M32_H10 LMS_SHAKE_M32_H15 LMS_SHAKE_M32_H25 LMS_SHA256_M24_H5 LMS_SHA256_M24_H10 LMS_SHA256_M24_H15 LMS_SHA256_M24_H25 LMS_SHA256_M32_H5 LMS_SHA256_M32_H10 LMS_SHA256_M32_H15 LMS_SHA256_M32_H25 that meet the following[NIST SP 800-208, "Recommendation for Stateful Hash-Based Signature Schemes"] eXtended Merkle Signature Scheme Algorithm using the parameter sets XMSS-SHA2_10_192 XMSS-SHA2_16_192 XMSS-SHA2_20_192 XMSS-SHA2_10_256 XMSS-SHA2_16_256 XMSS-SHA2_20_256 XMSS-SHAKE_10_192 XMSS-SHAKE_16_192 XMSS-SHAKE_20_192 XMSS-SHAKE_10_256 XMSS-SHAKE_16_256 XMSS-SHAKE_20_256 bits that meets the following: [NIST SP 800-208, "Recommendation for Stateful Hash-Based Signature Schemes"] Module-Lattice-Based Key-Encapsulation Mechanism Standard using the parameter set ML-KEM-1024 that meets the following: [FIPS 203, Module-Lattice-Based Key-Encapsulation Mechanism Standard] Module-Lattice-Based Digital Signature Standard using the parameter set ML-DSA-87 that meets the following [FIPS 204, Module-Lattice-Based Digital Signature Standard] no other key generation methods ].

The <h:b>application</h:b> shall <h:b><selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable>invoke platform-provided functionality</selectable> <selectable>implement functionality</selectable> </selectables></h:b> to generate <h:b>asymmetric</h:b> cryptographic keys in accordance with a specified cryptographic key generation algorithm <h:ul> <h:li><h:b>[ECC schemes] using [<h:i>“NIST curves” P-384 and <selectables> <selectable>P-521</selectable> <selectable>no other curves</selectable></selectables></h:i>] that meet the following: [<h:i>FIPS PUB 186-5, “Digital Signature Standard (DSS),” Appendix A.2</h:i>]</h:b> </h:li></h:ul><h:b>and</h:b> <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable><h:b>[RSA schemes]</h:b> using cryptographic key sizes of [<h:i>3072-bit or greater</h:i>] that meet the following: [<h:i>FIPS PUB 186-5, "Digital Signature Standard (DSS)," Appendix A.1</h:i>]</selectable> <selectable><h:b>[FFC Schemes]</h:b> using [<h:i>“safe-prime” groups</h:i>] <selectables> <selectable>MODP-3072</selectable> <selectable>MODP-4096</selectable> <selectable>MODP-6144</selectable> <selectable>MODP-8192</selectable> <selectable>ffdhe-3072</selectable> <selectable>ffdhe-4096</selectable> <selectable>ffdhe-6144</selectable> <selectable>ffdhe-8192</selectable> </selectables> that meet the following: [<h:i>NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, “Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography” and <selectables> <selectable>RFC 3526</selectable> <selectable>RFC 7919</selectable> </selectables></h:i>] </selectable> <selectable><h:b>Leighton-Micali Signature</h:b> Algorithm using the parameter sets <selectables> <selectable>LMS_SHAKE_M24_H5</selectable> <selectable>LMS_SHAKE_M24_H10</selectable> <selectable>LMS_SHAKE_M24_H15</selectable> <selectable>LMS_SHAKE_M24_H25</selectable> <selectable>LMS_SHAKE_M32_H5</selectable> <selectable>LMS_SHAKE_M32_H10</selectable> <selectable>LMS_SHAKE_M32_H15</selectable> <selectable>LMS_SHAKE_M32_H25</selectable> <selectable>LMS_SHA256_M24_H5</selectable> <selectable>LMS_SHA256_M24_H10</selectable> <selectable>LMS_SHA256_M24_H15</selectable> <selectable>LMS_SHA256_M24_H25</selectable> <selectable>LMS_SHA256_M32_H5</selectable> <selectable>LMS_SHA256_M32_H10</selectable> <selectable>LMS_SHA256_M32_H15</selectable> <selectable>LMS_SHA256_M32_H25</selectable> </selectables> that meet the following[NIST SP 800-208, "Recommendation for Stateful Hash-Based Signature Schemes"] </selectable> <selectable><h:b>eXtended Merkle Signature Scheme Algorithm</h:b> using the parameter sets <selectables> <selectable>XMSS-SHA2_10_192</selectable> <selectable>XMSS-SHA2_16_192</selectable> <selectable>XMSS-SHA2_20_192</selectable> <selectable>XMSS-SHA2_10_256</selectable> <selectable>XMSS-SHA2_16_256</selectable> <selectable>XMSS-SHA2_20_256</selectable> <selectable>XMSS-SHAKE_10_192</selectable> <selectable>XMSS-SHAKE_16_192</selectable> <selectable>XMSS-SHAKE_20_192</selectable> <selectable>XMSS-SHAKE_10_256</selectable> <selectable>XMSS-SHAKE_16_256</selectable> <selectable>XMSS-SHAKE_20_256</selectable> </selectables> bits that meets the following: [NIST SP 800-208, "Recommendation for Stateful Hash-Based Signature Schemes"] </selectable> <selectable><h:b>Module-Lattice-Based Key-Encapsulation Mechanism Standard</h:b>using the parameter set ML-KEM-1024 that meets the following: [FIPS 203, Module-Lattice-Based Key-Encapsulation Mechanism Standard] </selectable> <selectable><h:b>Module-Lattice-Based Digital Signature Standard</h:b> using the parameter set ML-DSA-87 that meets the following [FIPS 204, Module-Lattice-Based Digital Signature Standard] </selectable> <selectable><h:b>no other key generation methods</h:b></selectable> </selectables>.

The ST author is instructed to make specific selections at minimum to address VPN client requirements and is modified to include DH group 14 as an additional supported method for key establishment.

This SFR differs from its definition in the App PP by moving elliptic curve-based key establishment schemes from selectable to mandatory due to the mandated support for DH group 20 in FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.8. The selection for "no other schemes" was added in case the algorithms that IPsec requires are the TSF's only use of key establishment. The text of the requirement is replaced with: The TSF shall perform cryptographic key establishment in accordance with a specified cryptographic key establishment method: [Elliptic curve-based key establishment schemes] that meet the following: [NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, “Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography”] [selection: [RSA-based key establishment schemes] that meet the following: [NIST Special Publication 800-56B, “Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Integer Factorization Cryptography”] [FFC Schemes using “safe-prime” groups] that meet the following: ‘NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, “Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography” and [selection: RFC 3526, RFC 7919] Module-Lattice-Based Key-Encapsulation Mechanism Standard using the parameter set ML-KEM-1024 that meets the following: [FIPS 203, Module-Lattice-Based Key-Encapsulation Mechanism Standard] no other key establishment schemes ].

<h:p> The application shall <selectables> <selectable>invoke platform-provided functionality</selectable> <selectable>implement functionality</selectable></selectables> to perform cryptographic key establishment in accordance with a specified cryptographic key establishment method: </h:p> <h:ul><h:li> <h:b>[Elliptic curve-based key establishment schemes] that meets the following: [NIST Special Publication 800-56A, “Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography”]</h:b> </h:li></h:ul><h:b>and</h:b> <h:p> <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable> <h:b>[RSA-based key establishment schemes]</h:b> that meets the following: <h:b>[NIST Special Publication 800-56B, “Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Integer Factorization Cryptography”]</h:b> </selectable> <selectable><h:b>[FFC Schemes using “safe-prime” groups]</h:b> that meet the following: <h:b>‘NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, “Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography”</h:b> and <selectables> <selectable>RFC 3526</selectable> <selectable>RFC 7919</selectable> </selectables> </selectable> <selectable> Module-Lattice-Based Key-Encapsulation Mechanism Standard using the parameter set ML-KEM-1024 that meets the following: [FIPS 203, Module-Lattice-Based Key-Encapsulation Mechanism Standard] </selectable> <selectable><h:b>no other key establishment schemes</h:b></selectable> </selectables> </h:p>.

The ST author is instructed to make specific selections at minimum to address VPN client requirements; specifically, since key generation services are required in some capacity in order to support VPN functionality, the ST author loses the choice of stating that the application does not have any key generation functionality. Additionally, this behavior is selection-based in the App PP but is made mandatory since it is required for VPN client functionality.

This selection differs from its definition in the App PP by removing the selection for “generate no asymmetric cryptographic keys” for this PP-Module because a VPN client TOE will either perform its own key generation or interface with the underlying platform to provide this service, either of which causes FCS_CKM.1/AK to be claimed. The text of the requirement is replaced with: The application shall [selection: invoke platform-provided functionality for asymmetric key generation implement asymmetric key generation ].

The application shall <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable id="sel_invoke_genkey">invoke platform-provided functionality for asymmetric key generation</selectable> <selectable id="sel_impl_genkey">implement asymmetric key generation</selectable></selectables>.

The ST author is instructed to make specific selections at minimum to address VPN client requirements; the SFR behavior itself is unmodified.

This SFR is selection-based in the Base-PP and remains selection-based here because this PP-Module allows for the possibility that the TSF relies on platform-provided cryptographic algorithm services for its own implementation of IPsec. However, if the TSF does claim this SFR to support IPsec, the ST author must select at minimum both AES-CBC and AES-GCM for consistency with the relevant IPsec claims (FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.4 requires AES-GCM and FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.6 requires AES-CBC). The "no other modes" selection is added for the case where no AES claims need to be made beyond what is mandated for IPsec. The text of the requirement is replaced with: The application shall [selection: perform, invoke the platform to perform] [encryption and decryption] in accordance with a specified cryptographic algorithm AES-CBC (as defined in NIST SP 800-38A) mode AES-GCM (as defined in NIST SP 800-38D) mode and [selection: AES-XTS (as defined in NIST SP 800-38E) mode AES-CCM (as defined in NIST SP 800-38C) mode AES-CTR (as defined in NIST SP 800-38A) mode no other modes ] and cryptographic key size of [256-bits].

The <h:b>application</h:b> shall <selectables> <selectable>perform</selectable> <selectable>invoke the platform to perform</selectable> </selectables> [<h:i>encryption and decryption</h:i>] in accordance with a specified cryptographic algorithm <h:b> <h:ul> <h:li>AES-CBC (as defined in NIST SP 800-38A) mode</h:li> <h:li>AES-GCM (as defined in NIST SP 800-38D) mode</h:li> </h:ul> and </h:b> <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable id="sel_aes_xts">AES-XTS (as defined in NIST SP 800-38E) mode</selectable> <selectable id="sel_aes_ccm">AES-CCM (as defined in NIST SP 800-38C) mode</selectable> <selectable id="sel_aes_ctr">AES-CTR (as defined in NIST SP 800-38A) mode</selectable> <selectable><h:b>no other modes</h:b></selectable> </selectables> and cryptographic key size of [<h:i>256-bits</h:i>].

This PP-Module requires the existing selection of IPsec to be chosen to satisfy the dependency on this PP-Module

This SFR is identical to what is defined in the App PP except that the selection for IPsec is mandated, the ST author is forced to select the "encrypt all transmitted sensitive data" option, and the options for invoking platform-provided IPsec functionality have been removed. Since it is possible for a conformant TOE to implement IPsec while relying on the platform for some other protocol (e.g., using platform-provided TLS to obtain IPsec configuration from a gateway), the other platform-provided protocol selections remain. Additionally, since it is possible that a conformant TOE may not implement any encryption protocols other than IPsec, “no other protocols” is provided as a selectable option in the list of supported protocols. The text of the requirement is replaced with: The application shall [selection: encrypt all transmitted [selection, choose one of: sensitive data, data] with IPsec as defined in the PP-Module for VPN Client and [selection: HTTPS as a client in accordance with FCS_HTTPS_EXT.1/Client HTTPS as a server in accordance with FCS_HTTPS_EXT.1/Server HTTPS as a server using mutual authentication in accordance with FCS_HTTPS_EXT.2 TLS as a server as defined in the Functional Package for TLS and also supports functionality for [selection: mutual authentication, none] TLS as a client as defined in the Functional Package for TLS DTLS as a server as defined in the Functional Package for TLS and also supports functionality for [selection: mutual authentication, none] DTLS as a client as defined in the Functional Package for TLS SSH as defined in the Functional Package for Secure Shell no other functions ] for [assignment: function(s)] using certificates as defined in the Functional Package for X.509 invoke platform-provided functionality to encrypt all transmitted sensitive data with [selection: HTTPS, TLS, DTLS, SSH] for [assignment: function(s)] using certificates as defined in the Functional Package for X.509 invoke platform-provided functionality to encrypt all transmitted data with [selection: HTTPS, TLS, DTLS, SSH, IPsec] for [assignment: function(s)] using certificates as defined in the Functional Package for X.509 ] between itself and another trusted IT product.

The application shall <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable>encrypt all transmitted <selectables onlyone="yes"> <selectable>sensitive data</selectable> <selectable>data</selectable></selectables> with <h:b>IPsec as defined in the PP-Module for VPN Client, version 2.6 and</h:b> <selectables> <selectable id="sel_all_https_cl">HTTPS as a client in accordance with FCS_HTTPS_EXT.1/Client</selectable> <selectable id="sel_all_https_sv">HTTPS as a server in accordance with FCS_HTTPS_EXT.1/Server</selectable> <selectable id="sel_all_https_ma">HTTPS as a server using mutual authentication in accordance with FCS_HTTPS_EXT.2</selectable> <selectable id="sel_all_tlss">TLS as a server as defined in the <h:a href="https://www.niap-ccevs.org/protectionprofiles/439"><h:i>Functional Package for TLS</h:i></h:a> and also supports functionality for <selectables><selectable>mutual authentication</selectable><selectable>none</selectable></selectables></selectable> <selectable id="sel_all_tlsc">TLS as a client as defined in the <h:a href="https://www.niap-ccevs.org/protectionprofiles/439"><h:i>Functional Package for TLS</h:i></h:a></selectable> <selectable id="sel_all_dtlss">DTLS as a server as defined in the <h:a href="https://www.niap-ccevs.org/protectionprofiles/439"><h:i>Functional Package for TLS</h:i></h:a> and also supports functionality for <selectables><selectable>mutual authentication</selectable><selectable>none</selectable></selectables></selectable> <selectable id="sel_all_dtlsc">DTLS as a client as defined in the <h:a href="https://www.niap-ccevs.org/protectionprofiles/439"><h:i>Functional Package for TLS</h:i></h:a></selectable> <selectable id="sel_all_ssh">SSH as defined in the <h:a href="https://www.niap-ccevs.org/protectionprofiles/459"><h:i>Functional Package for Secure Shell</h:i></h:a></selectable> <selectable><h:b>no other protocols</h:b></selectable></selectables> for <assignable>function(s)</assignable> using certificates as defined in the <h:a href="https://www.niap-ccevs.org/protectionprofiles/511">Functional Package for X.509</h:a> </selectable> <selectable>invoke platform-provided functionality to encrypt all transmitted sensitive data with <selectables> <selectable>HTTPS</selectable> <selectable>TLS</selectable> <selectable>DTLS</selectable> <selectable>SSH</selectable> </selectables> for <assignable>function(s)</assignable> using certificates as defined in the <h:a href="https://www.niap-ccevs.org/protectionprofiles/511">Functional Package for X.509</h:a> </selectable> <selectable>invoke platform-provided functionality to encrypt all transmitted data with <selectables> <selectable>HTTPS</selectable> <selectable>TLS</selectable> <selectable>DTLS</selectable> <selectable>SSH</selectable> </selectables> for <assignable>function(s)</assignable> using certificates as defined in the <h:a href="https://www.niap-ccevs.org/protectionprofiles/511">Functional Package for X.509</h:a> </selectable> </selectables> between itself and another trusted IT product.

This PP-Module adds a requirement for key storage, which is new functionality when compared to the Base-PP but does not interfere with its existing security functions.

requires the TSF to securely store key data when not in use.

No specific management functions are identified. There are no auditable events foreseen. No dependencies.

The <selectables> <selectable>VPN client</selectable> <selectable>OS</selectable> </selectables> shall store persistent secrets and private keys when not in use in platform-provided key storage. This requirement ensures that persistent secrets and private keys are stored securely when not in use. This differs from FCS_STO_EXT.1 in the Base-PP, which only applies to secure storage of administrative credentials. If some secrets or keys are manipulated by the TOE and others are manipulated by the platform, then both of the selections can be specified by the ST author. Regardless of whether this requirement is met by the TOE or the TOE platform, the evaluator shall check the TSS to ensure that it lists each persistent secret (credential, secret key) and private key needed to meet the requirements in the ST. For each of these items, the evaluator shall confirm that the TSS lists for what purpose it is used, and how it is stored. The evaluator shall then perform the following actions: Persistent secrets and private keys manipulated by the platform: For each platform listed in the ST, the evaluator shall examine the ST of the platform to ensure that the persistent secrets and private keys listed as being stored by the platform in the VPN client ST are identified as being protected in that platform's ST Persistent secrets and private keys manipulated by the TOE: The evaluator shall review the TSS to determine that it makes a case that, for each item listed as being manipulated by the TOE, it is not written unencrypted to persistent memory, and that the item is stored by the platform. There are no guidance EAs for this requirement. There are no test EAs for this requirement.

This PP-Module adds a requirement for key destruction, which is new functionality when compared to the Base-PP but does not interfere with its existing security functions.

requires the TSF to destroy key data when no longer required.

No specific management functions are identified. There are no auditable events foreseen. No dependencies.

The <h:b> <selectables> <selectable>TOE</selectable> <selectable>TOE platform</selectable> </selectables></h:b> shall destroy <assignable>list of cryptographic keys (including keying material)</assignable> when <selectables> <selectable>no longer needed</selectable> <selectable><assignable>assignment: other circumstances for key or keying material destruction</assignable></selectable> </selectables>.

The TSF shall destroy cryptographic keys and keying material specified by FCS_CKM.6.1 in accordance with a specified cryptographic key destruction method <assignable> cryptographic key destruction method</assignable> that meets the following: <assignable>list of standards</assignable>. Any security related information (such as keys, authentication data, and passwords) must be zeroized when no longer in use to prevent the disclosure or modification of security critical data. The zeroization indicated above applies to each intermediate storage area for plaintext key or CSP data (i.e., any storage, such as memory buffers, that is included in the path of such data) upon the transfer of the key or CSP to another location. In practice, the TOE will not implement all of the functionality associated with the requirement, since if it performs zeroization at all it will be by invoking platform interfaces to perform the storage location clear or overwrite function. The ST author should select "TOE" when, for at least one of the keys needed to meet the requirements of this PP-Module, the TOE manipulates (reads, writes) the data identified in the requirement and thus needs to ensure that those data are cleared. In these cases, it is sufficient for the TOE to invoke the correct underlying functions of the host to perform the zeroization—it does not imply that the TOE has to include a kernel-mode memory driver to ensure the data are zeroized. The ST author should select "TOE platform" when native OS functionality is used to perform the key destruction. In the likely event that some of the data are manipulated by the TOE and other data are manipulated entirely by the platform, the ST author must select both options. The evaluator shall ensure that all plaintext secret and private cryptographic keys and CSPs (whether manipulated by the TOE or exclusively by the platform) are identified in the VPN client ST's TSS, and that they are accounted for by the EAs in this section. Requirement met by the platform: The evaluator shall check to ensure the TSS describes each of the secret keys (keys used for symmetric encryption), private keys, and CSPs used to generate keys that are not otherwise covered by the FCS_CKM.6 requirement levied on the TOE. For each platform listed in the ST, the evaluator shall examine the TSS of the ST of the platform to ensure that each of the secret keys, private keys, and CSPs used to generate the keys listed above are covered. Requirement met by the TOE: The evaluator shall check to ensure the TSS describes when each of the plaintext keys are cleared (e.g., system power off, disconnection of an IPsec connection, when no longer needed by the VPN channel per the protocol); and the type of clearing procedure that is performed (cryptographic erase, overwrite with zeros, overwrite three or more times by a different alternating pattern, overwrite with random pattern, or block erase). If different types of memory are used to store the materials to be protected, the evaluator shall check to ensure that the TSS describes the clearing procedure in terms of the memory in which the data are stored (for example, "secret keys stored on flash are cleared by overwriting once with zeros, while secret keys stored on the internal persistent storage device are cleared by overwriting three times with a random pattern that is changed before each write"). There are no guidance EAs for this requirement. For each key clearing situation described in the TSS, the evaluator shall repeat the following test. The evaluator shall use appropriate combinations of specialized OE and development tools (debuggers, simulators, etc.) for the TOE and instrumented TOE builds to test that keys are cleared correctly, including all intermediate copies of the key that may have been created internally by the TOE during normal cryptographic processing with that key. Cryptographic TOE implementations in software shall be loaded and exercised under a debugger to perform such tests. The evaluator shall perform the following test for each key subject to clearing, including intermediate copies of keys that are persisted encrypted by the TOE: Load the instrumented TOE build in a debugger. Record the value of the key in the TOE subject to clearing. Cause the TOE to perform a normal cryptographic processing with the key from #1. Cause the TOE to clear the key. Cause the TOE to stop the execution but not exit. Cause the TOE to dump the entire memory footprint of the TOE into a binary file. Search the content of the binary file created in #6 for instances of the known key value from #1. The test succeeds if no copies of the key from #1 are found in step #7 above and fails otherwise. The evaluator shall perform this test on all keys, including those persisted in encrypted form, to ensure intermediate copies are cleared.

Destruction of cryptographic key.

Identification of key.

If this PP-Module is used to extend the App PP, the TOE type for the overall TOE is still a software application. The TOE boundary is made more specific by defining the TOE as a specific type of application.

The threats and assumptions defined by this PP-Module (see sections 3.1 and 3.2) supplement those defined in the App PP as follows:

The security objectives defined by this PP-Module (see sections 4.1 and 4.2) supplement those defined in the App PP as follows:

The threat of an attacker gaining access to a network interface or data that is transmitted over it is consistent with the T.NETWORK_ATTACK and T.NETWORK_EAVESDROP threats in the App PP.

The threat of a misconfigured VPN client is consistent with the T.LOCAL_ATTACK threat in the App PP.

Inadvertent disclosure of user data to an unauthorized recipient is consistent with the T.NETWORK_EAVESDROP threat in the App PP.

A failure of TSF functionality could compromise the local system, which is consistent with the T.LOCAL_ATTACK threat in the App PP.

The A.NO_TOE_BYPASS assumption assumes that the OE is configured in such a manner that the only network route to the protected network is through the TOE. This does not conflict with the App PP because the App PP makes no assumptions about the network architecture in which the TOE is deployed.

The assumption that physical security is provided by the environment is not explicitly stated in the App PP but is consistent with the A.PLATFORM assumption defined in the App PP, which expects the computing platform to be trusted.

The assumption that personnel responsible for the TOE’s configuration are trusted to follow the guidance is consistent with the A.PROPER_ADMIN defined in the App PP.

This objective addresses behavior that is out of scope of the App PP and does not define an environment that is globally applicable to all software applications.

This is part of satisfying OE.PLATFORM as defined in the App PP because physical security is required for the underlying platform to be considered ‘trustworthy’.

The expectation of trusted configuration is consistent with OE.PROPER_USER and OE.PROPER_ADMIN in the App PP.

The ST author is instructed to make specific selections at minimum to address VPN client requirements and is modified to include Diffie-Hellman group 14 as an additional supported method for key establishment.

The ST author is given guidance to make specific selections if this selection-based SFR is claimed in support of IPsec functionality. The SFR behavior itself is unmodified.

This PP-Module adds IPsec as a new trusted protocol where x.509 certificate authentication is used.

This PP-Module is for the VPN client application and does not maintain any sensitive data of its own. Therefore, there is no need to protect (through FTP_DIT_EXT.1.1) VPN-client-specific data.

This PP-Module adds a requirement for key storage, which is new functionality when compared to the App PP but does not interfere with its existing security functions.

This PP-Module adds a requirement for key destruction, which is new functionality when compared to the App PP but does not interfere with its existing security functions.

This SFR defines the method of key generation for IKE peer authentication, which is a function that does not interfere with the functionality defined in the App PP.

This SFR defines the VPN client’s IPsec implementation, which is added functionality that does not interfere with the application functions.

The requirement to protect against reuse of residual data is a property of the VPN client behavior and does not impact the general application functionality.

The ability to configure the VPN client behavior does not affect whether the application as a whole can perform its security functions.

Self-testing of the VPN client functionality does not impact the ability of the application to perform its security functions.

Audit records generated by the VPN client do not interfere with application functionality. For cases where auditing is performed by the TOE platform, a software application is installed on a general-purpose OS or mobile device, both of which can reasonably be expected to provide audit functionality.

The ability to suppress the generation of certain audit records related to VPN activity does not interfere with the ability of the application to satisfy its security functionality.

The ability of the VPN client to prevent split tunneling of IPsec traffic requires it to have hooks into lower-level OS behavior, but there are no requirements in the App PP that would prevent this functionality from being supported.

This SFR relates to biometric authentication, which does not conflict with the App PP because it may be a function offered by the OE in which a TOE defined by the App PP is deployed.

This SFR relates specifically to the handling of traffic that is used for the establishment of IPsec connections.

This SFR defines an additional cryptographic protocol that is beyond the scope of those defined in the App PP but does not prevent any App PP functionality from being implemented.

This SFR defines the use of pre-shared keys, which is behavior that only relates to the establishment of IPsec connections.

This SFR relates to use of pre-shared keys, which is behavior that only applies to the establishment of IPsec connections.

https://github.com/commoncriteria/mdm v4.0 https://www.niap-ccevs.org/static_html/protection-profile/428/-428-/index.html

In a PP-Configuration that includes the MDM PP, the VPN client is expected to rely on some of the security functions implemented by the OS as a whole and evaluated against the Base-PP. In this case, the following sections describe any modifications that the ST author must make to the SFRs defined in the Base-PP in addition to what is mandated by section 5.5.

The ST author is instructed to make specific selections at minimum to address VPN client requirements; the SFR behavior itself is unmodified.

This SFR is modified from its definition in the MDM PP by mandating the key generation algorithms that are required by this PP-Module in support of IPsec due to the mandated support for DH group 20 in FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.8. Other selections may be chosen by the ST author as needed for parts of the TOE that are not specifically related to VPN client functionality. The selection for "no other key generation methods" was added in case the algorithms that IPsec requires are the TSF's only use of key generation. The text of the requirement is replaced with: The TSF shall [selection: invoke platform-provided functionality, implement functionality] to generate asymmetric cryptographic keys in accordance with a specified cryptographic key generation algorithm ECC schemes using "NIST curve" P-384 that meets the following: FIPS PUB 186-5, "Digital Signature Standard (DSS)", Appendix A.2 [selection: RSA schemes using cryptographic key sizes of 3072 bits that meet the following: [FIPS PUB 186-5, “Digital Signature Standard (DSS),” Appendix A.1] FFC schemes using "safe-prime" groups that meet the following: 'NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, "Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography"', and [selection: RFC 3526, RFC 7919] No other key generation methods ].

The TSF shall <selectables> <selectable>invoke platform-provided functionality</selectable> <selectable>implement functionality</selectable> </selectables> to generate <h:b>asymmetric</h:b> cryptographic keys in accordance with a specified cryptographic key generation algorithm <h:ul> <h:li>ECC schemes using "NIST curve" P-384 that meets the following: FIPS PUB 186-5, "Digital Signature Standard (DSS)", Appendix A.2</h:li> </h:ul> and <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable><h:b>RSA schemes using</h:b> cryptographic key sizes of <assignable id="a-keygen-rsa-size">3072-bit or greater</assignable> that meet [<h:i>FIPS PUB 186-5, "Digital Signature Standard (DSS)", Appendix A.1</h:i>]</selectable> <selectable>FFC schemes using "safe-prime" groups that meet the following: 'NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, "Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography"', and <selectables> <selectable>RFC 3526</selectable> <selectable>RFC 7919</selectable> </selectables></selectable> <selectable><h:b>no other key generation methods</h:b></selectable> </selectables>.

The ST author is instructed to make specific selections at minimum to address VPN client requirements; the SFR behavior itself is unmodified.

This SFR is modified from its definition in the MDM PP by mandating the key establishment algorithms that are required by this PP-Module in support of IPsec due to the mandated support for DH group 20 in FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.8. Other selections may be chosen by the ST author as needed for parts of the TOE that are not specifically related to VPN client functionality. The selection for "no other schemes" was added in case the algorithms that IPsec requires are the TSF's only use of key establishment. The text of the requirement is replaced with: The TSF shall [selection: invoke platform-provided functionality, implement functionality] to perform cryptographic key establishment in accordance with a specified cryptographic key establishment method: [Elliptic curve-based key establishment schemes] that meet the following: [NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, “Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography”] [selection: RSA-based key establishment schemes that meet the following: RSAES-PKCS1-v1_5 as specified in Section 7.2 of RFC 8017, "Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS) #1:RSA Cryptography Specifications Version 2.1" Finite field-based key establishment schemes that meets NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, “Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography” no other key establishment schemes ].

The TSF shall <selectables> <selectable>invoke platform-provided functionality</selectable> <selectable>implement functionality</selectable> </selectables> <h:b>to perform</h:b> cryptographic <h:b>key establishment</h:b> in accordance with a specified cryptographic key <h:b>establishment</h:b> method: <h:ul> <h:li><h:b>[<h:i>Elliptic curve-based key establishment schemes</h:i>] that meet the following: [<h:i>NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, "Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography"</h:i>]</h:b></h:li> </h:ul> <h:b>and</h:b> <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable>RSA-based key establishment schemes that meet the following: RSAES-PKCS1-v1_5 as specified in Section 7.2 of RFC 8017, "Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS) #1:RSA Cryptography Specifications Version 2.1"</selectable> <selectable>Finite field-based key establishment schemes that meets NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 3, “Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography”</selectable> <selectable><h:b>no other key establishment schemes</h:b></selectable> </selectables>.

The ST author is instructed to make specific selections at minimum to address VPN client requirements; the SFR behavior itself is unmodified.

This SFR is modified from its definition in the Base-PP by mandating support for both 256-bit implementations of AES-CBC (which this PP-Module requires for the use of IKE and allows for the use of ESP) and AES-GCM (which this PP-Module requires for the use of ESP and allows for the use of IKE). Other AES modes may be selected by the ST author as needed to address functions not required by this PP-Module. The "no other modes" selection is added for the case where no AES claims need to be made beyond what is mandated for IPsec. The text of the requirement is replaced with: The TSF shall [selection: invoke platform-provided functionality, implement functionality] to perform [encryption and decryption] in accordance with a specified cryptographic algorithm: [ AES-CBC (as defined in FIPS PUB 197, and NIST SP 800-38A) mode AES-GCM (as defined in NIST SP 800-38D) and [selection: AES Key Wrap (KW) (as defined in NIST SP 800-38F) AES Key Wrap with Padding (KWP) (as defined in NIST SP 800-38F) AES-CCM (as defined in NIST SP 800-38C) no other modes] and a cryptographic key size of 256-bits.

The TSF shall <selectables> <selectable>invoke platform-provided functionality</selectable> <selectable>implement functionality</selectable></selectables> <h:b>to</h:b> perform <h:b>encryption and decryption</h:b> in accordance with a specified cryptographic algorithm: <h:b><h:ul> <h:li>AES-CBC (as defined in FIPS PUB 197, and NIST SP 800-38A) mode</h:li> <h:li>AES-GCM (as defined in NIST SP 800-38D)</h:li> </h:ul> and</h:b> <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable>AES Key Wrap (KW) (as defined in NIST SP 800-38F)</selectable> <selectable>AES Key Wrap with Padding (KWP) (as defined in NIST SP 800-38F)</selectable> <selectable>AES-CCM (as defined in NIST SP 800-38C)</selectable> <selectable><h:b>no other modes</h:b></selectable> </selectables> and a cryptographic key size of 256-bits.

When this SFR relates to the PP-Module’s functionality, the ST author is instructed to make specific selections to implement this behavior using the VPN client. This is done by forcing the ST author to make specific selections that are already present in the MDM PP definition of the SFR; no new behavior is introduced by this.

The TSF shall [implement functionality using [IPsec as defined in the PP-Module for VPN Clients]] to protect all data from [disclosure and modification] when it is transferred between separate parts of the TOE.

When this SFR relates to the PP-Module’s functionality, the ST author is instructed to make specific selections to implement this behavior using the VPN client at minimum. This is done by forcing the ST author to make a specific selection that is already present in the MDM PP definition of the SFR and by removing a selection option; no new behavior is introduced by this.

When the MDM TOE claims this PP-Module, at least one of its interfaces will implement IPsec communications. However, this PP-Module does not specify that any one particular interface must be implemented using IPsec. If the TOE uses IPsec to secure communications between itself and external trusted IT entities, FTP_ITC.1/INTER_XFER_IT is refined as noted by the refinements above. This SFR is refined from its definition in the Base-PP by mandating that the “implement functionality” selection be chosen at minimum for IPsec and by prohibiting the TOE from relying on platform-provided IPsec functionality. Since the TOE may support multiple trusted channel interfaces, the ST author is given the option to select other protocols (SSH, TLS, DTLS, HTTPS) either as being implemented by the TSF or invoked from the platform. The "not invoke or implement any other protocol functionality" is added for the case where the TOE's implementation of IPsec is the only trusted channel protocol the TSF uses. The text of FTP_ITC.1.1/INTER_XFER_IT is replaced with (the other elements are unaffected): The TSF shall implement functionality using IPsec as defined in the PP-Module for VPN Client, and [selection: invoke platform-provided functionality to use [selection: SSH mutually authenticated TLS mutually authenticated DTLS HTTPS implement functionality using [selection: SSH as defined in the Functional Package for Secure Shell mutually authenticated TLS as defined in the Package for Transport Layer Security mutually authenticated DTLS as defined in the Package for Transport Layer Security HTTPS in accordance with FCS_HTTPS_EXT.1 not invoke or implement any other protocol functionality] to provide a trusted communication channel between itself and authorized IT entities supporting the following capabilities: audit server, [selection: authentication server, [assignment: other capabilities]] that is logically distinct from other communication channels and provides assured identification of its endpoints and protection of the channel data from modification or disclosure.

The TSF shall <h:ul> <h:li><h:b>implement functionality using IPsec as defined in the PP-Module for VPN Client, and</h:b></h:li> </h:ul> <selectables> <selectable><h:b>invoke platform-provided functionality to use <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable id="ITC1_SSH_INVOKE">SSH</selectable> <selectable id="ITC1_TLS_INVOKE">mutually authenticated TLS</selectable> <selectable id="ITC1_DTLS_INVOKE">mutually authenticated DTLS</selectable> <selectable id="ITC1_HTTPS_INVOKE">HTTPS</selectable> </selectables></h:b></selectable> <selectable><h:b>implement functionality using <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable id="ITC1_SSH_IMPLEMENT">SSH as defined in the Functional Package for Secure Shell</selectable> <selectable id="ITC1_TLS_IMPLEMENT">mutually authenticated TLS as defined in the Package for Transport Layer Security</selectable> <selectable id="ITC1_DTLS_IMPLEMENT">mutually authenticated DTLS as defined in the Package for Transport Layer Security</selectable> <selectable id="ITC1_HTTPS_IMPLEMENT">HTTPS in accordance with FCS_HTTPS_EXT.1</selectable> </selectables></h:b></selectable> <selectable><h:b>not invoke or implement any other protocol functionality</h:b></selectable></selectables> <h:b>to</h:b> provide a <h:b>trusted</h:b> communication channel between itself and <h:b>authorized</h:b> IT <h:b>entities supporting the following capabilities: audit server, <selectables> <selectable>authentication server</selectable> <selectable><assignable>other capabilities</assignable></selectable> </selectables></h:b> that is logically distinct from other communication channels and provides assured identification of its endpoints and protection of the channel data from modification or disclosure.

When the MDM TOE claims this PP-Module, at least one of its interfaces will implement IPsec communications. However, this PP-Module does not specify that any one particular interface must be implemented using IPsec. If the TOE uses IPsec to secure communications between itself and trusted remote administrators, FPT_TRP.1/TRUSTPATH_REM_ADMIN is refined as below. This SFR is refined from its definition in the Base-PP by mandating that the “implement functionality” selection be chosen at minimum for IPsec and by prohibiting the TOE from relying on platform-provided IPsec functionality. Since the TOE may support multiple remote administrative interfaces, the ST author is given the option to select other protocols (SSH, TLS, HTTPS) either as being implemented by the TSF or invoked from the platform. The "not invoke or implement any other protocol functionality" is added for the case where the TOE's implementation of IPsec is the only trusted path protocol the TSF uses. The text of FTP_TRP.1.1/TRUSTPATH_REM_ADMIN is replaced with (the other elements are unaffected): The TSF shall implement functionality using IPsec as defined in the PP-Module for VPN Client, and [selection: invoke platform-provided functionality to use [selection: TLS HTTPS SSH implement functionality using [selection: TLS as defined in the Package for Transport Layer Security HTTPS in accordance with FCS_HTTPS_EXT.1 SSH as defined in the Functional Package for Secure Shell not invoke or implement any other protocol functionality ] to provide a trusted communication path between itself as a [selection: server, peer] and another trusted IT product that is logically distinct from other communication channels and provides assured identification of its endpoints and protection of the channel data from [modification or disclosure].

The TSF shall <h:ul> <h:li><h:b>implement functionality using IPsec as defined in the PP-Module for VPN Client, and</h:b></h:li></h:ul> <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable><h:b>invoke platform-provided functionality to use <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable id="TRP1_TLS_INVOKE">TLS</selectable> <selectable id="TRP1_HTTPS_INVOKE">HTTPS</selectable> <selectable id="TRP1_SSH_INVOKE">SSH</selectable> </selectables></h:b></selectable> <selectable><h:b>implement functionality using <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable id="TRP1_TLS_IMPLEMENT">TLS as defined in the Package for Transport Layer Security</selectable> <selectable id="TRP1_HTTPS_IMPLEMENT">HTTPS in accordance with FCS_HTTPS_EXT.1</selectable> <selectable id="TRP1_SSH_IMPLEMENT">SSH as defined in the Functional Package for Secure Shell</selectable> </selectables></h:b></selectable> <selectable><h:b>not invoke or implement any other protocol functionality</h:b></selectable> </selectables> <h:b>to</h:b> provide a <h:b>trusted</h:b> communication path between itself <h:b>as a <selectables> <selectable>server</selectable> <selectable>peer</selectable> </selectables></h:b> <h:b>and another trusted IT product</h:b> that is logically distinct from other communication <h:b>channels</h:b> and provides assured identification of its endpoints and protection of the channel data from [<h:i>modification or disclosure.</h:i>]

If this PP-Module is used to extend the MDM PP, the TOE type for the overall TOE is still a mobile device management solution. The TOE boundary is simply extended to include VPN client functionality that is included with the MDM software so that additional security functionality is claimed within the scope of the TOE.

The threats and assumptions defined by this PP-Module (see sections 3.1 and 3.2) supplement those defined in the MDM PP as follows:

The security objectives defined by this PP-Module (see sections 4.1 and 4.2) supplement those defined in the MDM PP as follows:

The threat of an attacker gaining access to a network interface or data that is transmitted over it is consistent with the T.NETWORK_ATTACK and T.NETWORK_EAVESDROP threats in the MDM PP.

The threat of a misconfigured VPN client is consistent with the T.NETWORK_ATTACK and T.NETWORK_EAVESDROP threats in the MDM PP because failure to mitigate against misconfiguration makes these threats more significant.

Inadvertent disclosure of user data to an unauthorized recipient is consistent with the T.NETWORK_EAVESDROP threat in the MDM PP.

A failure of TSF functionality could compromise the implementation of the IPsec channel, which would lead to an exploitation of the T.NETWORK_ATTACK threat.

The A.NO_TOE_BYPASS assumption assumes that the OE is configured in such a manner that the only network route to the protected network is through the TOE. This does not conflict with the MDM PP because the MDM PP makes no assumptions about the network architecture in which the TOE is deployed.

The assumption that physical security is provided by the environment is not explicitly stated in the MDM PP but is consistent with the A.MDM_SERVER_PLATFORM assumption defined in the MDM PP, which expects the computing platform to be trusted.

The assumption that personnel responsible for the TOE’s configuration are trusted to follow the guidance is consistent with the A.PROPER_ADMIN defined in the MDM PP.

This objective addresses behavior that is out of scope of the MDM PP and does not define an environment that an MDM TOE is incapable of existing in.

This is part of satisfying OE.IT_ENTERPRISE as defined in the MDM PP because provisioning of physical security is a reasonable expectation for an IT enterprise.

The expectation of trusted configuration is consistent with OE.PROPER_USER and OE.PROPER_ADMIN in the MDM PP.

The ST author is instructed to make specific selections at minimum to address VPN client requirements; the SFR behavior itself is unmodified.

This SFR defines the method of key generation for IKE peer authentication, which is a function that does not interfere with the functionality defined in the MDM PP.

This SFR defines the VPN client’s IPsec implementation, which is added functionality that does not interfere with the MDM functions.

The requirement to protect against reuse of residual data is a property of the VPN client behavior and does not impact the MDM functionality.

The ability to configure the VPN client behavior does not affect whether the MDM as a whole can perform its security functions.

Self-testing of the VPN client functionality does not impact the ability of the MDM to perform its security functions.

Audit records generated by the VPN client do not interfere with MDM functionality. The possibility of the MDM as a whole generating audit records is consistent with the MDM PP, which already contains FAU_GEN.1.

The ability to suppress the generation of certain VPN client audit records does not interfere with MDM functionality. The MDM PP already contains FAU_SEL.1 as an optional SFR which means that this functionality does not conflict with the expected behavior of an MDM.

The ability of the VPN client to prevent split tunneling of IPsec traffic requires it to have hooks into lower-level OS behavior, but there are no requirements in the MDM PP that would prevent this functionality from being supported.

This SFR relates to biometric authentication, which does not conflict with the MDM PP because it may be a function offered by the part of the TOE described by the MDM PP.

This SFR relates specifically to the handling of traffic that is used for the establishment of IPsec connections.

This SFR defines an additional cryptographic protocol that is beyond the scope of those defined in the MDM PP but does not prevent any MDM PP functionality from being implemented.

This SFR defines the use of pre-shared keys, which is behavior that only relates to the establishment of IPsec connections.

This SFR relates to use of pre-shared keys, which is behavior that only applies to the establishment of IPsec connections.

must be included as part of FAU_GEN.1/VPN for GPOS, MDF, and MDM Base-PPs. When App PP is the Base-PP, it should be included only if implementation-dependent requirement FAU_GEN.1/VPN is included in the ST.

Components in this family describe requirements for IPsec implementation.

The TSF shall <h:b> <selectables onlyone="yes"> <selectable>invoke platform-provided functionality</selectable> <selectable>implement functionality</selectable> </selectables> to </h:b>generate <h:b>asymmetric</h:b> cryptographic keys <h:b>used for IKE peer authentication</h:b> in accordance with: <h:b><selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable>FIPS PUB 186-5, “Digital Signature Standard (DSS),” Appendix B.3 for RSA schemes</selectable> <selectable>FIPS PUB 186-5, “Digital Signature Standard (DSS),” Appendix B.4 for ECDSA schemes and implementing “NIST curve” P-384 and no other curves. </selectable> </selectables></h:b> and specified cryptographic key sizes [<h:i>equivalent to, or greater than, a symmetric key strength of 192 bits</h:i>] <h:s>that meet the following: [<h:b>assignment:</h:b> <h:i>list of standards</h:i>]</h:s>. The keys that are required to be generated by the TOE through this requirement are intended to be used for the authentication of the VPN entities during the IKE (either v1 or v2) key exchange. While it is required that the public key be associated with an identity in an X509v3 certificate, this association is not required to be performed by the TOE, and instead is expected to be performed by a Certificate Authority in the OE. As indicated in FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1, the TOE is required to implement support for RSA or ECDSA (or both) for authentication. See NIST Special Publication 800-57, “Recommendation for Key Management” for information about equivalent key strengths. The evaluator shall examine the TSS to verify that it describes how the key generation functionality is invoked. There are no guidance EAs for this requirement. If this functionality is implemented by the TSF, refer to the following EAs, depending on the TOE’s claimed Base-PP: GPOS PP: FCS_CKM.1 MDF PP: FCS_CKM.1 App PP: FCS_CKM.1/AK MDM PP: FCS_CKM.1

requires the TSF to securely implement the IPsec protocol.

The following actions could be considered for the management functions in FMT: Specify VPN gateways to use for connections Specify IPsec VPN clients to use for connections Specify IPsec-capable network devices to use for connections Specify client credentials to be used for connections The following actions should be auditable if FAU_GEN Security Audit Data Generation is included in the PP/ST: Decisions to DISCARD or BYPASS network packets processed by the TOE Failure to establish an IPsec SA Establishment/Termination of an IPsec SA FCS_CKM.1 Cryptographic Key Generation FCS_CKM.2 Cryptographic Key Distribution FCS_COP.1 Cryptographic Operation

The TSF shall implement the IPsec architecture as specified in RFC 4301. In the following elements of the FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1 component, it is allowable for some or all of the individual elements to be implemented by the platform on which the VPN client operates. However, this is only the case when the platform is within the TOE boundary, as is the case where this PP-Module is being claimed on top of a general-purpose OS or a mobile device. When the TOE is a standalone software application, the IPsec functionality must be implemented by the TSF, though it is permissible for the TSF to invoke cryptographic algorithm services from the TOE platform to support the TOE’s implementation of IPsec. The TOE may also rely on the TOE platform for X.509 certificate validation services, though it is the responsibility of the TSF to take the proper action based on the validation response that is returned. It is also permissible for the TSF to rely on low-level capabilities of the platform to perform enforcement and routing functions as a result of the policies the TSF maintains. For example, while the TSF must provide the capability to implement the Security Policy Database (SPD) abstraction, it is permissible for the TSF to depend on the platform-provided network stack to perform the low-level packet filtering and routing actions once the TSF has set up those rules as defined by the SPD. While enforcement of the IPsec requirements must be implemented by the TSF, it is permissible for the TSF to receive configuration of the IPsec behavior from an environmental source, most notably a VPN gateway. RFC 4301 calls for an IPsec implementation to protect IP traffic through the use of an SPD. The SPD is used to define how IP packets are to be handled: PROTECT the packet (e.g., encrypt the packet), BYPASS the IPsec services (e.g., no encryption), or DISCARD the packet (e.g., drop the packet). The SPD can be implemented in various ways, including router access control lists, firewall rulesets, a "traditional" SPD, etc. Regardless of the implementation details, there is a notion of a "rule" that a packet is "matched" against and a resulting action that takes place. While there must be a means to order the rules, a general approach to ordering is not mandated, as long as the TOE can distinguish the IP packets and apply the rules accordingly. There may be multiple SPDs (one for each network interface), but this is not required. A VPN gateway fully implements the IPsec capability and provides an administrative interface to establish and populate an SPD. A VPN client is not required to provide an administrative interface to create or maintain an SPD. As an alternative, a client may provide an interface that can be used by another application or network entity, such as a VPN gateway, as a means to establish and populate the SPD. In either of these cases (the client provides an administrative interface, or an API), while the client is expected to maintain the SPD abstraction, it is permitted for the low-level enforcement and routing activities to be implemented by platform capabilities (e.g., a network driver) as configured by the client. In addition to the TSS EAs for the individual FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1 elements below, the evaluator shall perform the following: If the TOE boundary includes a general-purpose OS or mobile device, the evaluator shall examine the TSS to ensure that it describes whether the VPN client capability is architecturally integrated with the platform itself or it is a separate executable that is bundled with the platform. In addition to the guidance EAs for the individual FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1 elements below, the evaluator shall perform the following: If the configuration of the IPsec behavior is from an environmental source, most notably a VPN gateway (e.g through receipt of required connection parameters from a VPN gateway), the evaluator shall ensure that the operational guidance contains any appropriate information for ensuring that this configuration can be properly applied. Note, in this case, that the implementation of the IPsec protocol must be enforced entirely within the TOE boundary; i.e. it is not permissible for a software application TOE to be a graphical front-end for IPsec functionality implemented totally or in part by the underlying OS platform. The behavior referenced here is for the possibility that the configuration of the IPsec connection is initiated from outside the TOE, which is permissible so long as the TSF is solely responsible for enforcing the configured behavior. However, it is allowable for the TSF to rely on low-level, platform-provided networking functions to implement the SPD from the client (e.g., enforcement of packet routing decisions). As a prerequisite for performing the Test EAs for the individual FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1 elements below, the evaluator shall do the following: The evaluator shall minimally create a test environment equivalent to the test environment illustrated below. It is expected that the traffic generator is used to construct network packets and will provide the evaluator with the ability to manipulate fields in the ICMP, IPv4, IPv6, UDP, and TCP packet headers. The evaluator shall provide justification for any differences in the test environment.

Note that the evaluator shall perform all tests using the VPN client and a representative sample of platforms listed in the ST (for TOEs that claim to support multiple platforms). The evaluator shall examine the TSS and determine that it describes how the IPsec capabilities are implemented. If the TOE is a standalone software application, the evaluator shall ensure that the TSS asserts that all IPsec functionality is implemented by the TSF. The evaluator shall also ensure that the TSS identifies what platform functionality the TSF relies on to support its IPsec implementation, if any (e.g. does it invoke cryptographic primitive functions from the platform’s cryptographic library, enforcement of packet routing decisions by low-level network drivers). If the TOE is part of a general-purpose desktop or mobile OS, the evaluator shall ensure that the TSS describes at a high level the architectural relationship between the VPN client portion of the TOE and the rest of the TOE (e.g. is the VPN client an integrated part of the OS or is it a standalone executable that is bundled into the OS package). If the SPD is implemented by the underlying platform in this case, then the TSS describes how the client interacts with the platform to establish and populate the SPD, including the identification of the platform's interfaces that are used by the client. In all cases, the evaluator shall also ensure that the TSS describes how the client interacts with the network stack of the platforms on which it can run (e.g., does the client insert itself within the stack via kernel mods, does the client simply invoke APIs to gain access to network services). The evaluator shall ensure that the TSS describes how the SPD is implemented and the rules for processing both inbound and outbound packets in terms of the IPsec policy. The TSS describes the rules that are available and the resulting actions available after matching a rule. The TSS describes how the available rules and actions form the SPD using terms defined in RFC 4301, such as BYPASS (e.g., no encryption), DISCARD (e.g., drop the packet), and PROTECT (e.g., encrypt the packet). As noted in section 4.4.1 of RFC 4301, the processing of entries in the SPD is non-trivial, and the evaluator shall determine that the description in the TSS is sufficient to determine which rules will be applied given the rule structure implemented by the TOE. For example, if the TOE allows specification of ranges, conditional rules, etc., the evaluator shall determine that the description of rule processing (for both inbound and outbound packets) is sufficient to determine the action that will be applied, especially in the case where two different rules may apply. This description shall cover both the initial packets (that is, no SA is established on the interface or for that particular packet) as well as packets that are part of an established SA. The evaluator shall examine the operational guidance to verify it describes how the SPD is created and configured. If there is an administrative interface to the client, then the guidance describes how the administrator specifies rules for processing a packet. The description includes all three cases - a rule that ensures packets are encrypted/decrypted, dropped, and allowing a packet to flow in plaintext. The evaluator shall determine that the description in the operational guidance is consistent with the description in the TSS, and that the level of detail in the operational guidance is sufficient to allow the administrator to set up the SPD in an unambiguous fashion. This includes a discussion of how ordering of rules impacts the processing of an IP packet. If the client is configured by an external application, such as the VPN gateway, then the operational guidance should indicate this and provide a description of how the client is configured by the external application. The description should contain information as to how the SPD is established and set up in an unambiguous fashion. The description should also include what is configurable via the external application, how ordering of entries may be expressed, as well as the impacts that ordering of entries may have on the packet processing. In either case, the evaluator shall ensure the description provided in the TSS is consistent with the capabilities and description provided in the operational guidance. Depending on the implementation, the evaluator may be required to use a VPN gateway or some form of application to configure the client. For Test 2, the evaluator is required to choose an application that allows for the configuration of the full set of capabilities of the VPN client (in conjunction with the platform). For example, if the client provides a robust interface that allows for specification of wildcards, subnets, etc., it is unacceptable for the evaluator to choose a VPN gateway that only allows for specifying a single fully qualified IP addresses in the rule. The evaluator shall perform the following tests: The evaluator shall configure an SPD on the client that is capable of the following: dropping a packet, encrypting a packet, and allowing a packet to flow in plaintext. The selectors used in the construction of the rule shall be different such that the evaluator can generate a packet and send packets to the client with the appropriate fields (fields that are used by the rule - e.g., the IP addresses, TCP/UDP ports) in the packet header. The evaluator shall perform both positive and negative test cases for each type of rule. The evaluator shall observe via the audit trail and packet captures that the TOE exhibited the expected behavior: appropriate packets were dropped, allowed through without modification, was encrypted by the IPsec implementation. The evaluator shall devise several tests that cover a variety of scenarios for packet processing. These scenarios must exercise the range of possibilities for SPD entries and processing modes as outlined in the TSS and operational guidance. Potential areas to cover include rules with overlapping ranges and conflicting entries, inbound and outbound packets, and packets that establish SAs as well as packets that belong to established SAs. The evaluator shall verify, via the audit trail and packet captures, for each scenario that the expected behavior is exhibited, and is consistent with both the TSS and the operational guidance.

The TSF shall implement <selectables> <selectable>tunnel mode</selectable> <selectable>transport mode</selectable> </selectables>. If the TOE is used to connect to a VPN gateway for the purposes of establishing a secure connection to a private network, the ST author is expected to select tunnel mode. If the TOE uses IPsec to establish an end-to-end connection to another IPsec VPN client, the ST author is expected to select transport mode. If the TOE uses IPsec to establish a connection to a specific endpoint device for the purpose of secure remote administration, the ST author is expected to select transport mode. The evaluator shall check the TSS to ensure it states that the VPN can be established to operate in tunnel mode, transport mode, or both (as selected). The evaluator shall confirm that the operational guidance contains instructions on how to configure the connection in each mode selected. If both transport and tunnel modes are implemented, the evaluator shall review the operational guidance to determine how the use of a given mode is specified. The evaluator shall perform the following tests based on the selections chosen: [conditional]: If tunnel mode is selected, the evaluator shall use the operational guidance to configure the TOE and a VPN gateway to operate in tunnel mode. The evaluator shall configure the TOE and the VPN gateway to use any of the allowable cryptographic algorithms, authentication methods, etc. to ensure an allowable SA can be negotiated. The evaluator shall then initiate a connection from the client to connect to the VPN gateway peer. The evaluator shall observe (for example, in the audit trail and the captured packets) that a successful connection was established using the tunnel mode. [conditional]: If transport mode is selected, the evaluator shall use the operational guidance to configure the TOE to operate in transport mode and also configures an IPsec peer to accept IPsec connections using transport mode. The evaluator shall configure the TOE and the endpoint device to use any of the allowed cryptographic algorithms, authentication methods, etc. to ensure an allowable SA can be negotiated. The evaluator shall then initiate a connection from the TOE to connect to the remote endpoint. The evaluator shall observe (for example, in the audit trail and the captured packets) that a successful connection was established using the transport mode. [conditional]: If both tunnel and transport modes are selected, the evaluator shall perform both Test 1 and Test 2 above, demonstrating that the TOE can be configured to support both modes. [conditional]: If both tunnel and transport modes are selected, the evaluator shall modify the testing for FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1 to include the supported mode for SPD PROTECT entries to show that they only apply to traffic that is transmitted or received using the indicated mode.

The TSF shall have a nominal, final entry in the SPD that matches anything that is otherwise unmatched, and discards it. The evaluator shall examine the TSS to verify that the TSS provides a description of how a packet is processed against the SPD and that if no “rules” are found to match, that a final rule exists, either implicitly or explicitly, that causes the network packet to be discarded. The evaluator shall check that the operational guidance provides instructions on how to construct or acquire the SPD and uses the guidance to configure the TOE for the following test. The evaluator shall perform the following test: The evaluator shall configure the SPD such that it has entries that contain operations that DISCARD, PROTECT, and (if applicable) BYPASS network packets. The evaluator may use the SPD that was created for verification of FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.1. The evaluator shall construct a network packet that matches a BYPASS entry and send that packet. The evaluator should observe that the network packet is passed to the proper destination interface with no modification. The evaluator shall then modify a field in the packet header; such that it no longer matches the evaluator-created entries (there may be a “TOE-created” final entry that discards packets that do not match any previous entries). The evaluator sends the packet, and observes that the packet was not permitted to flow to any of the TOE’s interfaces.

The TSF shall implement the IPsec protocol ESP as defined by RFC 4303 using the cryptographic algorithms [<h:i>AES-GCM-256 as specified in RFC 4106,</h:i> <selectables> <selectable>AES-CBC-256 (both specified by RFC 3602) with a Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA)-based HMAC</selectable> <selectable exclusive="yes">no other algorithms</selectable> </selectables>].

The TSF shall implement the IPsec protocol ESP as defined by RFC 4303 using the cryptographic algorithms <assignable>supported cryptographic algorithms</assignable>.

If this functionality is configurable, the TSF may be configured by a VPN gateway or by an administrator of the TOE itself. The evaluator shall examine the TSS to verify that the algorithm AES-GCM-256 is implemented. If the ST author has selected AES-CBC-256 in the requirement, then the evaluator shall verify that the TSS describes this as well. In addition, the evaluator shall ensure that the SHA-based HMAC algorithm conforms to the algorithms specified in the relevant iteration of FCS_COP.1 from the Base-PP that applies to keyed-hash message authentication. The evaluator shall check the operational guidance to ensure it provides instructions on how the TOE is configured to use the algorithms selected in this component and whether this is performed through direct configuration, defined during initial installation, or defined by acquiring configuration settings from an environmental component. The evaluator shall configure the TOE as indicated in the operational guidance, configuring the TOE to using the AES-GCM-256 algorithm, and attempt to establish a connection using ESP. If the ST author has selected AES-CBC-256, the TOE is configured to use this algorithm, and the evaluator shall attempt to establish a connection using ESP for those algorithms selected.

The TSF shall implement the protocol: <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable>IKEv1, using Main Mode for Phase I exchanges, as defined in RFCs 2407, 2408, 2409, RFC 4109, <selectables> <selectable exclusive="yes">no other RFCs for extended sequence numbers</selectable> <selectable>RFC 4304 for extended sequence numbers</selectable> </selectables>, <selectables> <selectable exclusive="yes">no other RFCs for hash functions</selectable> <selectable>RFC 4868 for hash functions</selectable> </selectables>, and <selectables> <selectable>support for XAUTH</selectable> <selectable exclusive="yes">no support for XAUTH</selectable> </selectables></selectable> <selectable>IKEv2 as defined in RFC 7296 (with mandatory support for NAT traversal as specified in section 2.23), RFC 8247, and <selectables> <selectable exclusive="yes">no other RFCs for hash functions</selectable> <selectable>RFC 4868 for hash functions</selectable> </selectables></selectable> </selectables>. The evaluator shall examine the TSS to verify that IKEv1, IKEv2, or both are implemented. If IKEv1 is implemented, the evaluator shall verify that the TSS indicates whether XAUTH is supported, and that aggressive mode is not used for IKEv1 Phase 1 exchanges (i.e. only main mode is used). It may be that these are configurable options. The evaluator shall check the operational guidance to ensure it instructs the administrator how to configure the TOE to use IKEv1, IKEv2, or both (as selected), and uses the guidance to configure the TOE to perform NAT traversal for the tests below. If XAUTH is implemented, the evaluator shall verify that the operational guidance provides instructions on how it is enabled or disabled. If the TOE supports IKEv1, the evaluator shall verify that the operational guidance either asserts that only main mode is used for Phase 1 exchanges or provides instructions for disabling aggressive mode. The evaluator shall configure the TOE so that it will perform NAT traversal processing as described in the TSS and RFC 7296, section 2.23. The evaluator shall initiate an IPsec connection and determine that the NAT is successfully traversed. If the TOE supports IKEv1 with or without XAUTH, the evaluator shall verify that this test can be successfully repeated with XAUTH enabled and disabled in the manner specified by the operational guidance. If the TOE only supports IKEv1 with XAUTH, the evaluator shall verify that connections not using XAUTH are unsuccessful. If the TOE only supports IKEv1 without XAUTH, the evaluator shall verify that connections using XAUTH are unsuccessful. In the case that the VPN gateway enforces the TOE's configuration, the following steps shall be performed to meet the objective of Test 1: Configure the TOE client and VPN gateway to have XAUTH enabled. Attempt the connection and observe that the connection succeeds and that XAUTH is used. Configure the TOE and gateway to have XAUTH disabled. Attempt the connection and observe that the connection succeeds and that XAUTH is not present. Attempt to configure a mismatch between the TOE and gateway (i.e. modify a local configuration setting on the client system) Verify that no IPsec connection is attempted until the gateway corrects the configuration settings [conditional]: If the TOE supports IKEv1, the evaluator shall perform any applicable operational guidance steps to disable the use of aggressive mode and then attempt to establish a connection using an IKEv1 Phase 1 connection in aggressive mode. This attempt should fail. The evaluator shall show that the TOE will reject a VPN gateway from initiating an IKEv1 Phase 1 connection in aggressive mode. The evaluator should then show that main mode exchanges are supported. In the case that the VPN gateway enforces the TOE's configuration, the following steps should be performed to meet the objective of Test 2: Configure the gateway and TOE client in the appropriate manner per the guidance documentation (i.e., gateway rejects aggressive mode, client rejects aggressive mode). Connect the TOE client to the gateway to obtain the configuration settings. Observe the main mode connection is successful. Disconnect the TOE from the gateway. Attempt to modify the setting for main mode locally on the TOE to force the client to attempt to use aggressive mode. Observe that when the initial connection attempt to the gateway is made, the gateway detects the configuration difference and reapplies the main mode setting before the TOE can attempt an IPsec connection. Configure a peer to have equivalent settings to the VPN gateway (Same ciphers/Authentication/Hash/KEX settings) Tell the TOE that there is a VPN gateway at the location of the peer. Observe that the TOE cannot establish a connection with the peer.

The TSF shall ensure the encrypted payload in the <selectables> <selectable>IKEv1</selectable> <selectable>IKEv2</selectable> </selectables> protocol uses the cryptographic algorithms [<h:i>AES-CBC-256 as specified in RFC 6379 and </h:i> <selectables> <selectable>AES-GCM-256 as specified in RFC 5282</selectable> <selectable exclusive="yes">no other algorithm</selectable> </selectables>].

If this functionality is configurable, the TSF may be configured by a VPN gateway or by an administrator of the TOE itself. The evaluator shall ensure the TSS identifies the algorithms used for encrypting the IKE payload for each supported IKE version and that the algorithm AES-CBC-256 is specified, and if AES-GCM-256 is chosen in the selection of the requirement, this is included in the TSS discussion. The evaluator shall check the operational guidance to ensure it provides instructions on how the TOE is configured to use the algorithms selected in this component and whether this is performed through direct configuration, defined during initial installation, or defined by acquiring configuration settings from an environmental component. The evaluator shall use the operational guidance to configure the TOE (or to configure the OE to have the TOE receive configuration) to perform the following test for each ciphersuite selected: The evaluator shall configure the TOE to use the ciphersuite under test to encrypt the IKE payload for each supported IKE version and establish a connection with a peer device, which is configured to only accept the payload encrypted using the indicated ciphersuite. The evaluator shall confirm the algorithm was that used in the negotiation. The evaluator shall confirm that the connection is successful by confirming that data can be passed through the connection once it is established. For example, the evaluator may connect to a webpage on the remote network and verify that it can be reached.

The TSF shall ensure that <selectables> <selectable>IKEv2 SA lifetimes can be configured by <selectables> <selectable>an administrator</selectable> <selectable>a VPN gateway</selectable> </selectables> based on <selectables> <selectable>number of packets/number of bytes</selectable> <selectable>length of time</selectable></selectables></selectable> <selectable>IKEv1 SA lifetimes <selectables> <selectable exclusive="yes"> can be configured by <selectables> <selectable>an administrator</selectable> <selectable>a VPN gateway</selectable> </selectables> based on <selectables> <selectable>number of packets/number of bytes</selectable> <selectable>length of time</selectable></selectables> </selectable> <selectable exclusive="yes">are fixed based on <selectables> <selectable>number of packets/number of bytes</selectable> <selectable>length of time</selectable> </selectables> </selectable> </selectables> </selectable> </selectables>. If length of time is used, it must include at least one option that is 24 hours or less for Phase 1 SAs and eight hours or less for Phase 2 SAs. The ST author is afforded a selection based on the version of IKE in their implementation. There is a further selection within this selection that allows the ST author to specify which entity is responsible for “configuring” the life of the security association (SA). An implementation that allows an administrator to configure the client or a VPN gateway that pushes the SA lifetime down to the client are both acceptable. As far as SA lifetimes are concerned, the TOE can limit the lifetime based on the number of bytes transmitted, or the number of packets transmitted. Either packet-based or volume-based SA lifetimes are acceptable; the ST author makes the appropriate selection to indicate which type of lifetime limits are supported. The ST author chooses either the IKEv1 requirements or IKEv2 requirements (or both, depending on the selection in FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.5. The IKEv1 requirement can be accomplished either by providing authorized administrator-configurable lifetimes (with appropriate instructions in documents mandated by AGD_OPE), or by “hard coding” the limits in the implementation. For IKEv2, there are no hard-coded limits, but in this case it is required that an administrator be able to configure the values. In general, instructions for setting the parameters of the implementation, including lifetime of the SAs, should be included in the operational guidance generated for AGD_OPE. It is appropriate to refine the requirement in terms of number of MB or KB instead of number of packets, as long as the TOE is capable of setting a limit on the amount of traffic that is protected by the same key (the total volume of all IPsec traffic protected by that key). There are no TSS EAs for this requirement. The evaluator shall check the operational guidance to ensure it provides instructions on how the TOE configures the values for SA lifetimes. In addition, the evaluator shall check that the guidance has the option for either the administrator or VPN gateway to configure Phase 1 SAs if time-based limits are supported. Currently, there are no values mandated for the number of packets or number of bytes; the evaluator shall simply check the operational guidance to ensure that this can be configured if selected in the requirement. When testing this functionality, the evaluator shall ensure that both sides are configured appropriately. From the RFC “A difference between IKEv1 and IKEv2 is that in IKEv1 SA lifetimes were negotiated. In IKEv2, each end of the SA is responsible for enforcing its own lifetime policy on the SA and rekeying the SA when necessary. If the two ends have different lifetime policies, the end with the shorter lifetime will end up always being the one to request the rekeying. If the two ends have the same lifetime policies, it is possible that both will initiate a rekeying at the same time (which will result in redundant SAs). To reduce the probability of this happening, the timing of rekeying requests SHOULD be jittered.” Each of the following tests shall be performed for each version of IKE selected in the FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.5 protocol selection: [conditional]: The evaluator shall configure a maximum lifetime in terms of the # of packets (or bytes) allowed following the operational guidance. The evaluator shall establish an SA and determine that once the allowed # of packets (or bytes) through this SA is exceeded, the connection is closed. [conditional]: The evaluator shall construct a test where a Phase 1 SA is established and attempted to be maintained for more than 24 hours before it is renegotiated. The evaluator shall observe that this SA is closed or renegotiated in 24 hours or less. If such an action requires that the TOE be configured in a specific way, the evaluator shall implement tests demonstrating that the configuration capability of the TOE works as documented in the operational guidance. [conditional]: The evaluator shall perform a test similar to Test 2 for Phase 2 SAs, except that the lifetime will be 8 hours or less instead of 24 hours or less. [conditional]: If a fixed limit for IKEv1 SAs is supported, the evaluator shall establish an SA and observe that the connection is closed after the fixed traffic or time value is reached.

The TSF shall ensure that IKE protocols implement DH Groups <h:ul> <h:li>20 (384-bit Random ECP) according to RFC 5114 and</h:li></h:ul> <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable>15 (3072-bit MODP)</selectable> <selectable>16 (4096-bit MODP)</selectable> <selectable>17 (6144-bit MODP)</selectable> <selectable>18 (8192-bit MODP)</selectable> </selectables> according to RFC 3526.  The selection is used to specify additional DH groups supported. This applies to IKEv1 and IKEv2 exchanges. It should be noted that if any additional DH groups are specified, they must comply with the requirements (in terms of the ephemeral keys that are established) listed in FCS_CKM.1. Since the implementation may allow different DH groups to be negotiated for use in forming the SAs, the assignments in FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.9 and FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.10 may contain multiple values. For each DH group supported, the ST author consults Table 2 in 800-57 to determine the “bits of security” associated with the DH group. Each unique value is then used to fill in the assignment (for 1.9 they are doubled; for they are inserted directly into the assignment). For example, suppose the implementation supports DH group 15 (3072-bit MODP) and group 20 (ECDH using NIST curve P-384). From Table 2, the bits of security value for group 14 is 128, and for group 20 it is 192. For FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.9, then, the assignment would read “[256, 384]” and for FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.10 it would read “[128, 192]” The evaluator shall check to ensure that the DH groups specified in the requirement are listed as being supported in the TSS. If there is more than one DH group supported, the evaluator shall check to ensure the TSS describes how a particular DH group is specified/negotiated with a peer. There are no guidance EAs for this requirement. The evaluator shall perform the following test: For each supported DH group, the evaluator shall test to ensure that all supported IKE protocols can be successfully completed using that particular DH group.

The TSF shall generate the secret value x used in the IKE DH key exchange (“x” in g^x mod p) using the random bit generator specified in FCS_RBG.1 (or FCS_RBG_EXT.1 in the case of <xref to="bibAppPP"/>, and having a length of at least <assignable>(one or more) numbers of bits that is at least twice the “bits of security” value associated with the negotiated DH group as listed in Table 2 of NIST SP 800-57, Recommendation for Key Management – Part 1: General</assignable> bits. The evaluator shall check to ensure that, for each DH group supported, the TSS describes the process for generating "x" (as defined in FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.9) and each nonce. The evaluator shall verify that the TSS indicates that the random number generated that meets the requirements in this EP is used, and that the length of "x" and the nonces meet the stipulations in the requirement. There are no guidance EAs for this requirement. There are no test EAs for this requirement.

The TSF shall generate nonces used in IKE exchanges in a manner such that the probability that a specific nonce value will be repeated during the life a specific IPsec SA is less than 1 in 2^<assignable>(one or more) “bits of security” values associated with the negotiated DH group as listed in Table 2 of NIST SP 800-57, Recommendation for Key Management – Part 1: General</assignable>.

EAs for this element are tested through EAs for FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.9.

The TSF shall ensure that <selectables> <selectable>IKEv1 performs peer authentication using <selectables> <selectable>RSA</selectable> <selectable>ECDSA</selectable> </selectables> that use X.509v3 certificates that conform to RFC 4945. </selectable> <selectable>IKEv2 performs peer authentication using <selectables> <selectable>RSA</selectable> <selectable>ECDSA</selectable> </selectables> that use X.509v3 certificates that conform to RFC 4945 and <selectables> <selectable id="sel-ipsec-e11-psk">Pre-shared Keys that conform to RFC 8784</selectable> <selectable id="sel-ipsec-e11-eapttls">Pre-shared Keys transmitted via EAP-TTLS</selectable> <selectable id="sel-ipsec-e11-eaptls">EAP-TLS</selectable> <selectable exclusive="yes">no other method</selectable> </selectables>. </selectable> </selectables> At least one public-key-based peer authentication method is required in order to conform to this PP-Module; one or more of the public key schemes is chosen by the ST author to reflect what is implemented. The ST author also ensures that appropriate FCS requirements reflecting the algorithms used (and key generation capabilities, if provided) are listed to support those methods. Note that the TSS will elaborate on the way in which these algorithms are to be used. X.509 certificates will be validated against FIA_X509_EXT.1 from , which is referenced in each supported Base-PP. If a selection with “EAP-TLS” or “EAP-TTLS” is chosen, the selection-based requirement FCS_EAP_EXT.1 must be claimed. When an EAP method is used, verification occurs via an external authentication server. If any selection including “pre-shared keys” is chosen, the selection-based requirement FIA_PSK_EXT.1 must be claimed. Since certificates are required for authentication, IKEv1 does not support PSKs, as PSK-based authentication and certificate-based authentication are mutually exclusive in IKEv1. Note that IKEv1 will be removed in a future version of this document. Multifactor support can be achieved via traffic filtering in accordance with FPF_MFA_EXT.1. It is acceptable for different use cases to leverage different selections. If this is the case, it must be identified. This SFR is modified from its definition in the Base-PP by adding new selections for IKE versions and authentication methods. The evaluator shall ensure that the TSS describes whether peer authentication is performed using RSA, ECDSA, or both. If any selection with pre-shared keys is chosen in the selection, the evaluator shall check to ensure that the TSS describes how those selections work in conjunction with authentication of IPsec connections. The evaluator shall ensure that the TSS describes how the TOE compares the peer’s presented identifier to the reference identifier. This description shall include whether the certificate presented identifier is compared to the ID payload presented identifier, which fields of the certificate are used as the presented identifier (DN, Common Name, or SAN), and if multiple fields are supported, the logical order comparison. If the ST author assigned an additional identifier type, the TSS description shall also include a description of that type and the method by which that type is compared to the peer’s presented certificate. If any selection with “Pre-shared Keys” is selected, the evaluator shall check that the operational guidance describes any configuration necessary to enable any selected authentication mechanisms.   If any method other than no other method is selected, the evaluator shall check that the operational guidance describes any configuration necessary to enable any selected authentication mechanisms. The evaluator shall ensure that the operational guidance describes how to set up the TOE to use the cryptographic algorithms RSA, ECDSA, or either, depending on which is claimed in the ST. In order to construct the environment and configure the TOE for the following tests, the evaluator shall ensure that the operational guidance also describes how to configure the TOE to connect to a trusted CA, and ensure a valid certificate for that CA is loaded into the TOE as a trusted CA. The evaluator shall also ensure that the operational guidance includes the configuration of the reference identifiers for the peer. For efficiency’s sake, the testing that is performed here has been combined with the testing for FIA_X509_EXT.2 in and FIA_X509_EXT.3 (for IPsec connections and depending on the Base-PP), FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.12, and FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.13. The following tests shall be repeated for each peer authentication protocol selected in the FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.11 selection above: The evaluator shall have the TOE generate a public-private key pair and submit a CSR (Certificate Signing Request) to a CA (trusted by both the TOE and the peer VPN used to establish a connection) for its signature. The values for the DN (Common Name, Organization, Organizational Unit, and Country) will also be passed in the request. Alternatively, the evaluator may import to the TOE a previously generated private key and corresponding certificate. The evaluator shall configure the TOE to use a private key and associated certificate signed by a trusted CA and shall establish an IPsec connection with the peer. The evaluator shall test that the TOE can properly handle revoked certificates – conditional on whether CRL or OCSP is selected; if both are selected, then a test is performed for each method. For this current version of the PP-Module, the evaluator has to only test one up in the trust chain (future drafts may require to ensure the validation is done up the entire chain). The evaluator shall ensure that a valid certificate is used and that the SA is established. The evaluator shall then attempt the test with a certificate that will be revoked (for each method chosen in the selection) to ensure when the certificate is no longer valid that the TOE will not establish an SA. [conditional]: For each selection made, the evaluator shall verify factors are required, as indicated in the operational guidance, to establish an IPsec connection with the server. For each supported identifier type (excluding DNs), the evaluator shall repeat the following tests: For each field of the certificate supported for comparison, the evaluator shall configure the peer’s reference identifier on the TOE (per the administrative guidance) to match the field in the peer’s presented certificate and shall verify that the IKE authentication succeeds. For each field of the certificate support for comparison, the evaluator shall configure the peer’s reference identifier on the TOE (per the administrative guidance) to not match the field in the peer’s presented certificate and shall verify that the IKE authentication fails. [conditional]: If, according to the TSS, the TOE supports both Common Name and SAN certificate fields and uses the preferred logic outlined in the Application Note, the tests above with the Common Name field shall be performed using peer certificates with no SAN extension. Additionally, the evaluator shall configure the peer’s reference identifier on the TOE to not match the SAN in the peer’s presented certificate, but to match the Common Name in the peer’s presented certificate and verify that the IKE authentication fails. [conditional]: If the TOE supports DN identifier types, the evaluator shall configure the peer's reference identifier on the TOE (per the administrative guidance) to match the subject DN in the peer's presented certificate and shall verify that the IKE authentication succeeds. To demonstrate a bit-wise comparison of the DN, the evaluator shall change a single bit in the DN (preferably, in an Object Identifier (OID) in the DN) and verify that the IKE authentication fails. To demonstrate a comparison of DN values, the evaluator shall change any one of the four DN values and verify that the IKE authentication fails. [conditional]: If the TOE supports both IPv4 and IPv6 and supports IP address identifier types, the evaluator must repeat tests 1 and 2 with both IPv4 address identifiers and IPv6 identifiers. Additionally, the evaluator shall verify that the TOE verifies that the IP header matches the identifiers by setting the presented identifiers and the reference identifier with the same IP address that differs from the actual IP address of the peer in the IP headers and verifying that the IKE authentication fails. [conditional]: If, according to the TSS, the TOE performs comparisons between the peer’s ID payload and the peer’s certificate, the evaluator shall repeat the following test for each combination of supported identifier types and supported certificate fields (as above). The evaluator shall configure the peer to present a different ID payload than the field in the peer’s presented certificate and verify that the TOE fails to authenticate the IKE peer.

The TSF shall not establish an SA if the <selectables> <selectable>IP address</selectable> <selectable>Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN)</selectable> <selectable>user FQDN</selectable> <selectable>Distinguished Name (DN)</selectable> </selectables> and <selectables> <selectable exclusive="yes">no other reference identifier type</selectable> <selectable><assignable>other supported reference identifier types</assignable></selectable> </selectables> contained in a certificate does not match the expected values for the entity attempting to establish a connection. The TOE must support at least one of the following identifier types: IP address, FQDN, user FQDN, or DN. In the future, the TOE will be required to support all of these identifier types. The TOE is expected to support as many IP address formats (IPv4 and IPv6) as IP versions supported by the TOE in general. The ST author may assign additional supported identifier types in the second selection.

EAs for this element are tested through EAs for FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.11.

The TSF shall not establish an SA if the presented identifier does not match the configured reference identifier of the peer. At this time, only the comparison between the presented identifier in the peer’s certificate and the peer’s reference identifier is mandated by the testing below. However, in the future, this requirement will address two aspects of the peer certificate validation: 1) comparison of the peer’s ID payload to the peer’s certificate, which are both presented identifiers, as required by RFC 4945 and 2) verification that the peer identified by the ID payload and the certificate is the peer expected by the TOE (per the reference identifier). At that time, the TOE will be required to demonstrate both aspects (i.e. that the TOE enforces that the peer’s ID payload matches the peer’s certificate, which both match configured peer reference identifiers). Excluding the DN identifier type (which is necessarily the Subject DN in the peer certificate), the TOE may support the identifier in either the Common Name or Subject Alternative Name (SAN) or both. If both are supported, the preferred logic is to compare the reference identifier to a presented SAN, and only if the peer’s certificate does not contain a SAN, to fall back to a comparison against the Common Name. In the future, the TOE will be required to compare the reference identifier to the presented identifier in the SAN only, ignoring the Common Name. The configuration of the peer reference identifier is addressed by FMT_SMF.1.1/VPN.

EAs for this element are tested through EAs for FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.11.

The <selectables> <selectable>TSF</selectable> <selectable>VPN gateway</selectable> </selectables> shall be able to ensure by default that the strength of the symmetric algorithm (in terms of the number of bits in the key) negotiated to protect the <selectables> <selectable>IKEv1 Phase 1</selectable> <selectable>IKEv2 IKE_SA</selectable> </selectables> connection is greater than or equal to the strength of the symmetric algorithm (in terms of the number of bits in the key) negotiated to protect the <selectables> <selectable>IKEv1 Phase 2</selectable> <selectable>IKEv2 CHILD_SA</selectable> </selectables> connection. If this functionality is configurable, the TSF may be configured by a VPN gateway or by an administrator of the TOE itself The ST author chooses either or both of the IKE selections based on what is implemented by the TOE. The IKE versions chosen should be consistent not only in this element, but with other choices for other elements in this component. While it is acceptable for this capability to be configurable, the default configuration in the evaluated configuration (either "out of the box" or by configuration guidance in the AGD documentation) must enable this functionality. The evaluator shall check that the TSS describes the potential strengths (in terms of the number of bits in the symmetric key) of the algorithms that are allowed for the IKE and ESP exchanges. The TSS shall also describe the checks that are done when negotiating IKEv1 Phase 2 or IKEv2 CHILD_SA suites (depending on the supported IKE versions) to ensure that the strength (in terms of the number of bits of key in the symmetric algorithm) of the negotiated algorithm is less than or equal to that of the IKE SA that is protecting the negotiation. There are no guidance EAs for this requirement. The evaluator shall follow the guidance to configure the TOE to perform the following tests: This test shall be performed for each version of IKE supported. The evaluator shall successfully negotiate an IPsec connection using each of the supported algorithms and hash functions identified in the requirements. [conditional]: This test shall be performed for each version of IKE supported. The evaluator shall attempt to establish an SA for ESP that selects an encryption algorithm with more strength than that being used for the IKE SA (i.e., symmetric algorithm with a key size larger than that being used for the IKE SA). Such attempts should fail. This test shall be performed for each version of IKE supported. The evaluator shall attempt to establish an IKE SA using an algorithm that is not one of the supported algorithms and hash functions identified in the requirements. Such an attempt should fail. This test shall be performed for each version of IKE supported. The evaluator shall attempt to establish an SA for ESP (assumes the proper parameters where used to establish the IKE SA) that selects an encryption algorithm that is not identified in FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.4. Such an attempt should fail.

Decisions to DISCARD or BYPASS network packets processed by the TOE.

Presumed identity of source subject.

The entry in the SPD that applied to the decision.

Failure to establish an IPsec SA.

Identity of destination subject.

Reason for failure.

Establishment/Termination of an IPsec SA.

Identity of destination subject.

Transport layer protocol, if applicable.

Source subject service identifier, if applicable.

Non-TOE endpoint of connection (IP address) for both successes and failures.

The <h:b> <selectables onlyone="yes"> <selectable>TOE</selectable> <selectable>TOE platform</selectable> </selectables></h:b> shall ensure that any previous information content of a resource is made unavailable upon the <selectables> <selectable>allocation of the resource to</selectable> <selectable>deallocation of the resource from</selectable> </selectables> all objects. This requirement ensures, for example, that protocol data units (PDUs) are not padded with residual information such as cryptographic key material. The ST author uses the selection to specify when previous information is made unavailable. Requirement met by the platform The evaluator shall examine the TSS to verify that it describes (for each supported platform) the extent to which the client processes network packets and addresses the FDP_RIP.2 requirement. Requirement met by the TOE “Resources” in the context of this requirement are network packets being sent through (as opposed to “to”, as is the case when a security administrator connects to the TOE) the TOE. The concern is that once a network packet is sent, the buffer or memory area used by the packet still contains data from that packet, and that if that buffer is reused, those data might remain and make their way into a new packet. The evaluator shall check to ensure that the TSS describes packet processing to the extent that they can determine that no data will be reused when processing network packets. The evaluator shall ensure that this description at a minimum describes how the previous data are zeroized/overwritten and at what point in the buffer processing this occurs. There are no guidance EAs for this requirement. There are no test EAs for this requirement.

The TOE is not required to maintain a separate management role. It is, however, required to provide functionality to configure certain aspects of TOE operation that should not be available to the general user population. It is possible for the TOE, TOE Platform, or VPN gateway to provide this functionality. The client itself has to be configurable - whether it is from the EUD or from a VPN gateway.

The TSF shall be capable of performing the following management functions: <selectables linebreak="yes"> <selectable>Specify VPN gateways to use for connections</selectable> <selectable>Specify IPsec VPN clients to use for connections</selectable> <selectable>Specify IPsec-capable network devices to use for connections</selectable> <selectable>Specify client credentials to be used for connections</selectable> <selectable>Configure the reference identifier of the peer</selectable> <selectable><assignable>any additional management functions</assignable></selectable> </selectables> Several of the management functions defined above correspond to the use cases of the TOE as follows: “Specify VPN gateways to use for connections” – Use Case 1 “Specify IPsec VPN clients to use for connections” – Use Case 2 (specifically refers to different end points to use for client-to-client connections) “Specify IPsec-capable network devices to use for connections” – Use Case 3 Selections appropriate for the use cases supported by the TOE should be claimed. "Client credentials" will include the client certificate used for IPsec authentication, and may also include a PSK. For TOEs that support only IP address and FQDN identifier types, configuration of the reference identifier may be the same as configuration of the peer’s name for the purposes of connection. If there are additional management functions performed by the TOE (including those specified in FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1), they should be added in the assignment. The evaluator shall check to ensure the TSS describes the client credentials and how they are used by the TOE. The evaluator shall check to make sure that every management function mandated in the ST for this requirement is described in the operational guidance and that the description contains the information required to perform the management duties associated with each management function. The evaluator shall test the TOE’s ability to provide the management functions by configuring the TOE according to the operational guidance and testing of each management activity listed in the ST. The evaluator shall ensure that all management functions claimed in the ST can be performed by completing activities described in the AGD. Note that this may be performed in the course of completing other testing.

Success or failure of management function.

No additional information.

Components in this family describe requirements for self-test to verify functionality and integrity of the TOE.

The <selectables onlyone="yes"> <selectable>TOE</selectable> <selectable>TOE platform</selectable> </selectables> shall run a suite of self tests during initial start-up (on power on) to demonstrate the correct operation of the TSF.

The <selectables onlyone="yes"> <selectable>TOE</selectable> <selectable>TOE platform</selectable> </selectables> shall provide the capability to verify the integrity of stored TSF executable code when it is loaded for execution through the use of the <assignable>cryptographic services provided either by the portion of the TOE described by the Base-PP or by the OE</assignable>. While the TOE is typically a software package running in the IT Environment, it is still capable of performing the self-test activities required above. It should be understood, however, that there is a significant dependency on the host environment in assessing the assurance provided by the tests mentioned above (meaning that if the host environment is compromised, the self-tests will not be meaningful). Cryptographic verification of the integrity is required, but the method by which this can be accomplished is specified in the ST in the assignment. The ST author will fill in the assignment with references to the cryptographic functions used to perform the integrity checks; this will include hashing and may potentially include digital signatures signed using X.509 certificates. If the TSF provides the cryptographic services used to verify updates, all relevant FCS_COP requirements will be identified in the assignment by the ST author. Except for where it is explicitly noted, the evaluator is expected to check the following information regardless of whether the functionality is implemented by the TOE or by the TOE platform. The evaluator shall examine the TSS to ensure that it details the self-tests that are run by the TSF on startup; this description should include an outline of what the tests are actually doing (e.g., rather than saying "memory is tested," a description similar to "memory is tested by writing a value to each memory location and reading it back to ensure it is identical to what was written" shall be used). The evaluator shall ensure that the TSS makes an argument that the tests are sufficient to demonstrate that the TSF is operating correctly. If some of the tests are performed by the TOE platform, the evaluator shall check the TSS to ensure that those tests are identified and that the ST for each platform contains a description of those tests. Note that the tests that are required by this component are those that support security functionality in this PP-Module, which may not correspond to the set of all self-tests contained in the platform STs. The evaluator shall examine the TSS to ensure that it describes how the integrity of stored TSF executable code is cryptographically verified when it is loaded for execution. The evaluator shall ensure that the TSS makes an argument that the tests are sufficient to demonstrate that the integrity of stored TSF executable code has not been compromised. The evaluator shall check to ensure that the cryptographic requirements listed are consistent with the description of the integrity verification process. If not present in the TSS, the evaluator shall ensure that the operational guidance describes the actions that take place for successful (e.g. hash verified) and unsuccessful (e.g., hash not verified) cases. For checks implemented entirely by the platform, the evaluator shall ensure that the operational guidance for the TOE references or includes the platform-specific guidance for each platform listed in the ST. The evaluator shall perform the following tests: The evaluator shall perform the integrity check on a known good TSF executable and verifies that the check is successful. The evaluator shall modify the TSF executable, performs the integrity check on the modified TSF executable, and verifies that the check fails.

requires the TOE to perform power on self-tests to verify its functionality and the integrity of its stored executable code.

No specific management functions are identified. There are no auditable events foreseen. No dependencies.

Entries from must be included for GPOS, MDF, and MDM Base-PPs if the strictly optional SFRs are included in the ST. When the App PP is the Base-PP, if any strictly optional SFRs are included in the ST, corresponding auditable event entries must be included only if the implementation-dependent requirement FAU_GEN.1/VPN is included in the ST.

The TOE may support leveraging the biometric API provided by the platform.

Components in this family describe the requirements for biometrics when using the VPN client.

defines the use of biometrics when using the VPN client.

No specific management functions are identified. No specific audit functions are identified.

The TSF shall leverage the platform biometric features to confirm the user before initiating a trusted channel. In this context the platform refers to the OS or device and may be part of the TOE if those Base-PPs are leveraged. The evaluator shall confirm that the TSS describes the calls to the platform and verifies they align with platform documentation. The evaluator shall ensure that any configuration details needed to enable the biometric prompt are included in the guidance documentation. The evaluator shall initiate a connection and verify that a biometric prompt is presented and accepted before the connection can proceed. The evaluator shall also verify the connection does not proceed if the biometric is not presented or accepted.

This class contains families that describe packet filtering behavior. Packet filtering refers to the notion that network traffic that is transmitted “through” the TOE (i.e. the source and destination of the traffic is not the TOE but the TOE is on the routing path between these two entities) can be treated differently by the TSF based on attributes associated with the traffic. As this class is defined solely to contain an extended component defined for this PP-Module, it has one family, FPF_MFA_EXT.

Components in this family describe the requirements for multifactor authentication filtering when using the VPN client.

defines the use and composition of multifactor authentication filtering.

No specific management functions are identified. No specific audit functions are identified.

The TSF shall not forward packets to the internal network until the IKE/IPsec tunnel has been established, except those necessary to ensure that the client is authenticated according to FIA_PSK_EXT.1. If FPF_MFA_EXT.1 is included, FIA_PSK_EXT.1 must be included. The evaluator shall examine the TSS to verify that it describes how authentication packets are identified and how all other traffic is blocked until secondary authentication is successful. The evaluator shall examine the operational guidance to verify that it provides any necessary instructions to the administrator on how to enable and configure filtering. The evaluator shall attempt to connect and verify other traffic is rejected per the filtering rules. The evaluator shall then provide the supported PSKs and confirm it is accepted and traffic is no longer blocked.

Entries from must be included for GPOS, MDF, and MDM Base-PPs if the selection-based SFRs are included in the ST. When the App PP is the Base-PP, if any selection-based SFRs are included in the ST, corresponding auditable event entries must be included only if the implementation-dependent requirement FAU_GEN.1/VPN is included in the ST.

Components in this family describe the requirements for EAP-TLS.

defines the use of EAP-TLS.

No specific management functions are identified. No specific audit functions are identified. FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1 IPsec

The TSF shall support <selectables> <selectable>EAP-TLS as specified in RFC 5216 and updated by RFC 8996</selectable> <selectable>EAP-TTLS as specified in RFC 5281 and updated by RFC 8996</selectable> </selectables> over a protected channel <h:b>per the Base-PP</h:b> with an authentication server.

The TSF shall implement <selectables> <selectable>EAP-TLS</selectable> <selectable>EAP-TTLS</selectable> </selectables> with the TSF as the EAP client, an external authentication server as the EAP server and the VPN peer as the supplicant.

The TSF shall use the MSK from the <selectables> <selectable>EAP-TLS</selectable> <selectable>EAP-TTLS</selectable> </selectables> response as the IKEv2 shared secret in the authentication payload. The evaluator shall verify that the TSS describes the use of EAP options for each of the selected peer authentication mechanisms, that TLS with mutual authentication is used, that the random values are from an appropriate source, and that the EAP MSK is derived from the TLS master key and is used as the IKEv2 shared key. The evaluator shall verify that the guidance documents describe any configurable features of the EAP or TLS functionality, including instructions for configuration of the authenticators and registration processes for clients. Testing for TLS functionality is in accordance with the TLS package. For each supported EAP method claimed in FCS_EAP_TLS_EXT.1.1 and for each authentication method claimed in FCS_EAP_TLS_EXT.1.3, the evaluator shall perform the following tests: The evaluator shall follow AGD guidance to configure the TSF to use the EAP method claimed. The evaluator shall follow AGD guidance to configure the TSF to use the authentication method claimed, and for EAP-TTLS, register a client with the appropriate key material required for the authentication method. The evaluator shall establish a VPN session using a test client with a valid certificate, and for EAP-TTLS, configured to provide a correct value for the configured authenticator. The evaluator shall observe the the VPN session is successful. (conditional for EAP-TTLS support): The evaluator shall cause the test client with a valid certificate to send an invalid authenticator for the claimed authentication method. For HOTP, replay the HOTP value sent previously. For TOTP or PSK, modify a byte of the properly constructed value and observe that the TSF aborts the session. The evaluator shall establish a new, valid certificate for a test client using an identifier not corresponding to a registered user. For EAP-TTLS, the evaluator shall cause the test client using this certificate to send a correct authenticator value for the registered user. The evaluator shall initiate a VPN session from the test client to the TSF and observe that the TSF aborts the session. The evaluator shall follow AGD guidance to configure the TSF to use a supported EAP method and register the user with the key material required for a supported authentication method. The evaluator shall configure a test client to respond to an IKEv2 exchange with EAP-request, providing valid phase 1 handshake and valid TLS handshake, but computing the phase 2 shared key using standard (non-EAP) methods. The evaluator shall initiate a VPN session between the test client and the TSF, and observe that the TSF aborts the session.

The TOE may support pre-shared keys for use in the IPsec protocol, and may use pre-shared keys in other protocols as well. PSK in the context of this document refer to generated values, memorized values subject to conditioning, one-time passwords, and combinations of the above as described in FIA_PSK_EXT.1.2.

Components in this family describe the requirements for pre-shared keys when implementing IPsec.

defines the use and composition of pre-shared keys used for IPsec.

No specific management functions are identified. No specific audit functions are identified. FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1 IPsec

The TSF shall be able to use pre-shared keys for <selectables> <selectable>IKEv2</selectable> <selectable>multifactor authentication filtering</selectable> </selectables>.

The TSF shall be able to accept the following as pre-shared keys: <selectables> <selectable id="pskgen">generated bit-based</selectable> <selectable id="pskpw">password-based</selectable> <selectable id="pskhotp">HMAC-based one-time password</selectable> <selectable id="psktotp">time-based one-time password</selectable> <selectable id="pskgenhotp">combination of a generated bit-based and HMAC-based one-time password</selectable> <selectable id="pskgentotp">combination of a generated bit-based and time-based one-time password</selectable> <selectable id="pskpwhotp">combination of a password-based and HMAC-based one-time password</selectable> <selectable id="pskpwtotp">combination of a password-based and time-based one-time password</selectable> </selectables> keys.

The TSF shall be able to accept the following as pre-shared keys: <selectables> <selectable>generated bit-based</selectable> <selectable>password-based</selectable> <selectable>HMAC-based one-time password</selectable> <selectable>time-based one-time password</selectable> <selectable>combination of a generated bit-based and HMAC-based one-time password</selectable> <selectable>combination of a generated bit-based and time-based one-time password</selectable> <selectable>combination of a password-based and HMAC-based one-time password</selectable> <selectable>combination of a password-based and time-based one-time password</selectable> </selectables> keys.

If “pre-shared keys that conform to RFC 8784” is selected in FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.11, a generated, bit-based PSK must be used. If any selection including "generated bit-based" is chosen, then FIA_PSK_EXT.2 must be included. If any selection including password-based keys is chosen, then FIA_PSK_EXT.3 must be included. If any selection including HMAC-based one-time password keys is chosen, then FIA_PSK_EXT.4 must be included. If any selection including time-based one-time password is chosen, then FIA_PSK_EXT.5 must be included. This requirement is selection-based on FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1.11 or inclusion of FPF_MFA_EXT.1. The evaluator shall examine the TSS to ensure that it identifies all protocols that allow pre-shared keys. For each protocol identified by the requirement, the evaluator shall confirm that the TSS states which pre-shared key selections are supported. The evaluator shall examine the operational guidance to determine that it provides guidance to administrators on how to configure all selected pre-shared key options if any configuration is required. The evaluator shall examine the operational guidance to determine that it provides guidance to administrators on how to configure the mandatory_or_not flag per RFC 8784. The evaluator shall also perform the following tests for each protocol (or instantiation of a protocol, if performed by a different implementation on the TOE). For each mechanism selected in FIA_PSK_EXT.1.2, the evaluator shall attempt to establish a connection and confirm that the connection requires the selected factors in the PSK to establish the connection in alignment with table 1 from RFC 8784.

defines the use and composition of generated pre-shared keys used for IPsec.

No specific management functions are identified. The following actions should be auditable if FAU_GEN Security Audit Data Generation is included in the PP/ST: Failure of the randomization process FIA_PSK_EXT.1 Pre-Shared Key Composition

The TSF shall be able to <selectables> <selectable>accept externally generated pre-shared keys</selectable> <selectable> generate 256 bit-based pre-shared keys via the random number generator used by the TSF. </selectable> </selectables>. Generated PSKs are expected to be shared between components via an out-of-band mechanism. This requirement is selection-based on FIA_PSK_EXT.1. If "generate" is selected, the evaluator shall confirm that this process uses the RBG specified in FCS_RBG.1 (or FCS_RBG_EXT.1 in the case of and the output matches the size selected in FIA_PSK_EXT.2.1. The evaluator shall confirm the operational guidance contains instructions for entering generated pre-shared keys for each protocol identified in the FIA_PSK_EXT.1.1. [conditional] If "generate" was selected, the evaluator shall generate a pre-shared key and confirm the output matches the size selected in FIA_PSK_EXT.2.1.

defines the use and composition of password-based pre-shared keys used for IPsec.

The TSF shall support a PSK of up to <assignable>positive integer of 64 or more</assignable> characters.

The TSF shall allow PSKs to be composed of any combination of upper case characters, lower case characters, numbers, and the following special characters: "!", "@", "#", "$", "%", "^", "&", "*", "(", and ")", and <selectables> <selectable><assignable>other supported special characters</assignable></selectable> <selectable exclusive="yes">no other characters</selectable> </selectables>.

The TSF shall perform Password-based Key Derivation Functions in accordance with a specified cryptographic algorithm [<h:i>HMAC-SHA-384</h:i>], with <assignable>positive integer of 4096 or more</assignable> iterations, and output cryptographic key sizes [<h:i>256 bits</h:i>] that meet the following: [<h:i>NIST SP 800-132</h:i>].

The TSF shall perform Password-based Key Derivation Functions in accordance with a specified cryptographic algorithm <assignable>cryptographic algorithm used for key derivation</assignable>, with <assignable>positive integer of 4096 or more</assignable> iterations, and output cryptographic key sizes <assignable>outupt key size</assignable> that meet the following: <assignable>list of standards</assignable>.

The TSF shall not accept PSKs less than <selectables> <selectable exclusive="yes">a value settable by the administrator</selectable> <selectable exclusive="yes"><assignable>minimum PSK length accepted by the TOE, must be >= 6</assignable></selectable> </selectables> and greater than the maximum PSK length defined in FIA_PSK_EXT.3.1.

The TSF shall generate all salts using an RBG that meets <h:b><selectables> <selectable>FCS_RBG.1</selectable> <selectable>FCS_RBG_EXT.1</selectable> </selectables></h:b> and with entropy of <assignable>value equal to or greater than 256</assignable> bits.

The TSF shall generate all salts using an RBG that meets FCS_RBG.1 and with entropy of <assignable>value equal to or greater than 256</assignable> bits.

For the first selection, the ST author selects FCS_RBG.1 if the TOE implements its own DRBG. The ST author selects FCS_RBG_EXT.1 if is the Base-PP for the TOE and the TSF relies on a DRBG in its operational environment.

The TSF shall require the PSK to be entered before every initiated connection.

The TSF shall <selectables> <selectable>provide a password strength meter</selectable> <selectable>check the password against a denylist</selectable> <selectable exclusive="yes">perform no action to assist the user in choosing a strong password</selectable> </selectables>. For FIA_PSK_EXT.3.1, the ST author assigns the maximum size of the PSK it supports; it must support at least 64 characters or a length defined by the platform. For FIA_PSK_EXT.3.2, the ST author assigns any other supported characters; if there are no other supported characters, they should select "no other characters." For FIA_PSK_EXT.3.3, the ST author selects the parameters based on the PBKDF used by the TSF. For FIA_PSK_EXT.3.4, if the minimum length is settable, then the ST author chooses "a value settable by the administrator." If the minimum length is not settable, the ST author fills in the assignment with the minimum length the PSK must be. This requirement is to ensure bounds work properly. For FIA_PSK_EXT.3.7, the ST author may select one, both, or neither of the functions in alignment with NIST SP 800-63b. This requirement is selection-based on FIA_PSK_EXT.1. The evaluator shall examine the TSS to ensure it describes the process by which the bit-based pre-shared keys are used. Support for length: The evaluator shall check to ensure that the TSS describes the allowable ranges for PSK lengths, and that at least 64 characters or a length defined by the platform may be specified by the user. Support for character set: The evaluator shall check to ensure that the TSS describes the allowable character set and that it contains the characters listed in the SFR. Support for PBKDF: The evaluator shall examine the TSS to ensure that the use of PBKDF2 is described and that the key sizes match that described by the ST author. The evaluator shall check that the TSS describes the method by which the PSK is first encoded and then fed to the hash algorithm. The settings for the algorithm (padding, blocking, etc.) shall be described, and the evaluator shall verify that these are supported by the selections in this component as well as the selections concerning the hash function itself. For the NIST SP 800-132-based conditioning of the PSK, the required evaluation activities will be performed when doing the evaluation activities for the appropriate requirements (FCS_COP.1/KeyedHash). The evaluator shall confirm that the minimum length is described. The ST author shall provide a description in the TSS regarding the salt generation. The evaluator shall confirm that the salt is generated using an RBG described in the DRBG that is generated by the TSF or that is invoked from the operational environment. [conditional] If "password strength meter" or "check the password against a denylist" is selected, the evaluator shall examine the TSS to ensure any password checking functionality provided by the TSF is described and contains details on how the function operates. The evaluator shall confirm the operational guidance contains instructions for entering bit-based pre-shared keys for each protocol identified in the requirement, is generating a bit-based pre-shared key, or both. The evaluator shall confirm that any management functions related to pre-shared keys that are performed by the TOE are specified in the operational guidance. The guidance must specify the allowable characters for pre-shared keys, and that list must include, at minimum, the same items contained in FIA_PSK_EXT.3.2. The evaluator shall confirm the operational guidance contains any necessary instructions for enabling and configuring password checking functionality. Support for Password/Passphrase characteristics: In addition to the analysis above, the evaluator shall also perform the following tests on a TOE configured according to the operational guidance: The evaluator shall compose a pre-shared key of at least 64 characters that contains a combination of the allowed characters in accordance with the FIA_PSK_EXT.1.3 and verify that a successful protocol negotiation can be performed with the key. [conditional]: If the TOE supports pre-shared keys of multiple lengths, the evaluator shall repeat Test 1 using the minimum length and invalid lengths that are below the minimum length, above the maximum length, null length, empty length, or zero length. The minimum test should be successful, and the invalid lengths must be rejected by the TOE. [conditional]: If the TOE initiates connections, initiate and establish a remote connection, disconnect from the connection, and verify that the PSK is required when initiating the connection a second time. [conditional]: If the TOE supports a password meter, the evaluator shall enter a password and verify the password checker responds per the description in the TSS. [conditional]: If the TOE supports a password denylist, the evaluator shall enter a denylisted password and verify that the password is rejected or flagged as such.

defines the use and composition of HOTP pre-shared keys used for IPsec.

No specific management functions are identified. No specific audit functions are identified. FIA_PSK_EXT.1 Pre-Shared Key Composition

The TSF shall accept and send an HOTP while initiating a VPN connection. This requirement is selection-based on FIA_PSK_EXT.1 The evaluator shall verify the TSS describes how the HOTP is input into the client and how that value is sent to the server. The evaluator shall verify the operational guidance contains any configuration necessary to enable HOTP. The evaluator shall configure the TOE to use a supported HOTP factor, then attempt to establish a connection using that factor. The evaluator shall verify the client prompts the user for the HOTP before initiating the connection. The evaluator shall verify the server validates the HOTP or receives confirmation from an authentication server before establishing the channel.

defines the use and composition of TOTP pre-shared keys used for IPsec.

No specific management functions are identified. No specific audit functions are identified. FIA_PSK_EXT.1 Pre-Shared Key Composition

The TSF shall accept and send a TOTP while initiating a VPN connection. This requirement is selection-based on FIA_PSK_EXT.1. The evaluator shall verify the TSS describes how the TOTP is input into the client and how that value is sent to the server. The evaluator shall verify the operational guidance contains any configuration necessary to enable TOTP. The evaluator shall configure the TOE to use a supported TOTP factor, then attempt to establish a connection using that factor. The evaluator shall verify the client prompts the user for the TOTP before initiating the connection. The evaluator shall verify the server validates the TOTP or receives confirmation from an authentication server before establishing the channel.

Entries from must be included for GPOS, MDF, and MDM Base-PPs if the objective SFRs are included in the ST. When the App PP is the Base-PP, if any objective SFRs are included in the ST, corresponding auditable event entries must be included only if the implementation-dependent requirement FAU_GEN.1/VPN is included in the ST.

The <h:b> <selectables onlyone="yes"> <selectable>TSF</selectable> <selectable>TOE platform</selectable> </selectables></h:b> shall be able to select the set of events to be audited from the set of all auditable events based on the following attributes: [<h:i>event type, <h:b>[success of auditable security events, failure of auditable security events]</h:b>, <assignable>list of additional attributes that audit selectivity is based upon</assignable></h:i>]. The intent of this requirement is to identify all criteria that can be selected to trigger an audit event. This can be configured through an interface on the client for a user or administrator to invoke, or it could be an interface that the VPN gateway uses to instruct the client on which events are to be audited. For the ST author, the assignment is used to list any additional criteria or “none”. The auditable event types are listed in the Auditable Events table The intent of the first selection is to allow for the case where the underlying platform is responsible for some audit log generation functionality. There are no TSS EAs for this SFR. The evaluator shall review the administrative guidance to ensure that the guidance itemizes all event types, as well as describes all attributes that are to be selectable in accordance with the requirement, to include those attributes listed in the assignment. The administrative guidance shall also contain instructions on how to set the pre-selection or how the VPN gateway will configure the client, as well as explain the syntax (if present) for multi-value pre-selection. The administrative guidance shall also identify those audit records that are always recorded, regardless of the selection criteria currently being enforced. The evaluator shall perform the following tests: For each attribute listed in the requirement, the evaluator shall devise a test to show that selecting the attribute causes only audit events with that attribute (or those that are always recorded, as identified in the administrative guidance) to be recorded. [conditional] If the TSF supports specification of more complex audit pre-selection criteria (e.g., multiple attributes, logical expressions using attributes), then the evaluator shall devise tests showing that this capability is correctly implemented. The evaluator shall also, in the test plan, provide a short narrative justifying the set of tests as representative and sufficient to exercise the capability.

All modifications to the audit configuration that occur while the audit collection functions are operating.

No additional information.

Entries from must be included for GPOS, MDF, and MDM Base-PPs if the implementation-dependent SFRs are included in the ST. When the App PP is the Base-PP, if any implementation-dependent SFRs are included in the ST, corresponding auditable event entries must be included only if the implementation-dependent requirement FAU_GEN.1/VPN is included in the ST.

The TSF <h:b>and <selectables onlyone="yes"> <selectable>TOE platform</selectable> <selectable>no other component</selectable> </selectables></h:b> shall be able to generate audit data of the following auditable events: <h:ol type="a"> <h:li>Start-up and shutdown of the audit functions;</h:li> <h:li>All auditable events for the [<h:i>not specified</h:i>] level of audit;</h:li> <h:li>All administrative actions;</h:li> <h:li>[<h:i>Specifically defined auditable events listed in the Auditable Events tables</h:i>].</h:li> </h:ol> This requirement is implementation-dependent on the MDF PP, GPOS PP, or MDM PP being the Base-PP claimed by the TOE. In this case, this requirement must be claimed. For the App PP Base-PP, this requirement is strictly optional. In the case of "a," the audit functions referred to are those provided by the TOE. For example, in the case that the TOE was a stand-alone executable, auditing the startup and the shutdown of the TOE itself would be sufficient to meet the requirements of this clause. Many auditable aspects of the SFRs included in this document deal with administrative actions. Item c above requires all administrative actions to be auditable, so no additional specification of the auditability of these actions is present in the Auditable Events table. While the TOE itself does not need to provide the ability to perform I&A for an administrator, this requirement implies that the TOE possess the capability to audit the events described by the Base-PP as "administrative actions" (primarily dealing with configuration of the functionality provided by the TOE). The auditable events defined in the Auditable Events table are for the SFRs that are explicitly defined in this PP-Module (, , , , and ). For any SFRs that are included as part of the TOE based on the claimed Base-PP (as defined in the Auditable Events tables in the Additional SFRs section for the corresponding Base-PP claim), it is expected that any applicable auditable events defined for those SFRs in the Base-PP are also claimed as part of the TSF. These auditable events only apply if the client actually performs these functions. If the platform performs any of these actions, then the platform is responsible for performing the auditing, not the TSF.

The TSF <h:b>and <selectables onlyone="yes"> <selectable>TOE platform</selectable> <selectable>no other component</selectable> </selectables></h:b> shall record within the audit data at least the following information: <h:ol type="a"> <h:li>Date and time of the event, type of event, subject identity, and the outcome (success or failure) of the event; and</h:li> <h:li>For each audit event type, based on the auditable event definitions of the functional components included in the PP<h:b>-Module/ST</h:b>, [<h:i>information specified in column three of the Auditable Events tables</h:i>].</h:li> </h:ol> The evaluator shall examine the TSS to determine that it describes the auditable events and the component that is responsible for each type of auditable event. The evaluator shall check the operational guidance and ensure that it lists all of the auditable events and provides a format for audit records. Each audit record format type must be covered, along with a brief description of each field. The evaluator shall check to make sure that every audit event type mandated by the PP-Module for VPN Clients is described and that the description of the fields contains the information required in FAU_GEN.1.2/VPN, and the additional information specified in the Auditable Events table of the PP-Module for VPN Clients. In particular, the evaluator shall ensure that the operational guidance is clear in relation to the contents for failed cryptographic events. In the Auditable Events table of the PP-Module for VPN Clients, information detailing the cryptographic mode of operation and a name or identifier for the object being encrypted is required. The evaluator shall ensure that name or identifier is sufficient to allow an administrator reviewing the audit log to determine the context of the cryptographic operation (for example, performed during a key negotiation exchange, performed when encrypting data for transit) as well as the non-TOE endpoint of the connection for cryptographic failures relating to communications with other IT systems. The evaluator shall also make a determination of the administrative actions that are relevant in the context of the PP-Module for VPN Clients. The TOE may contain functionality that is not evaluated in the context of the PP-Module for VPN Clients because the functionality is not specified in an SFR. This functionality may have administrative aspects that are described in the operational guidance. Since such administrative actions will not be performed in an evaluated configuration of the TOE, the evaluator shall examine the operational guidance and make a determination of which administrative commands, including subcommands, scripts, and configuration files, are related to the configuration (including enabling or disabling) of the mechanisms implemented in the TOE that are necessary to enforce the requirements specified in the PP-Module for VPN Clients, which thus form the set of “all administrative actions”. The evaluator may perform this activity as part of the activities associated with ensuring the AGD_OPE guidance satisfies the requirements. For each required auditable event, the evaluator shall examine the operational guidance to determine that it is clear to the reader where each event is generated (e.g. the TSF may generate its own audit logs in one location while the platform-provided auditable events are generated elsewhere). The evaluator shall test the TOE’s ability to correctly generate audit records by having the TOE generate audit records in accordance with the EAs associated with the functional requirements in the PP-Module for VPN Clients. Additionally, the evaluator shall test that each administrative action applicable in the context of the PP-Module for VPN Clients is auditable. When verifying the test results, the evaluator shall ensure the audit records generated during testing match the format specified in the guidance and that the fields in each audit record have the proper entries. Note that the testing here can be accomplished in conjunction with the testing of the security mechanisms directly. For example, testing performed to ensure that the administrative guidance provided is correct verifies that AGD_OPE.1 is satisfied and should address the invocation of the administrative actions that are needed to verify the audit records are generated as expected.

: Implicitly Satisfied Requirements FCS_CKM.2 – Cryptographic Key Distribution, or FCS_COP.1 – Cryptographic Operation FCS_CKM.1 (which is defined in this PP-Module as FCS_CKM.1/VPN) requires one of FCS_CKM.2 or FCS_COP.1 to be claimed so that the generated keys can serve some security-relevant purpose. Each of the Base-PPs for this PP-Module define an iteration of FCS_COP.1 for symmetric cryptography that is expected to use the IKE keys generated by FCS_CKM.1/VPN. Therefore, this dependency is satisfied through requirements defined in the Base-PPs. FCS_COP.1 – Cryptographic Operation FCS_IPSEC_EXT.1 has a dependency on FCS_COP.1 because of the cryptographic operations that are needed in support of implementing the IPsec protocol. FCS_COP.1 is not defined in this PP-Module because each of the supported Base-PPs define iterations of FCS_COP.1 that support the functions that are relevant to IPsec. FMT_MTD.1 – Management of TSF Data FAU_SEL.1/VPN has a dependency on FMT_MTD.1 to enforce appropriate access controls on the audit configuration, as this is TSF data. This SFR is not explicitly defined in any of the supported Base-PPs but the dependency is implicitly addressed by each Base-PP in the following manner: GPOS PP: The GPOS PP implicitly defines the existence of ‘user’ and ‘administrator’ roles in the extended SFRs FMT_MOF_EXT.1 and FMT_SMF_EXT.1. A TOE that conforms to this Base-PP can associate the ability to perform the functionality defined by FAU_SEL.1/VPN to one or both of these roles. MDF PP: The MDF PP implicitly defines the existence of ‘user,’ ‘administrator,’ and ‘MDM’ roles in the SFRs FMT_MOF_EXT.1 and FMT_SMF.1. A TOE that conforms to this Base-PP can associate the ability to perform the functionality defined by FAU_SEL.1/VPN to one or more of these roles. App PP: The App PP does not define the existence of a separately authenticated management interface; instead, the App PP assumes that authentication to the underlying OS platform is sufficient authorization to access the application’s management functionality. MDM PP: The MDM PP defines the existence of management roles in FMT_SMR.1/SECMAN_ROLES. A TOE that conforms to this Base-PP can associate the ability to perform the functionality defined by FAU_SEL.1/VPN to one or more of the roles defined here. FPT_STM.1 – Reliable Time Stamps FAU_GEN.1/VPN has a dependency on FPT_STM.1 because audit records are required to have timestamps that are based on reliable clock data. All of the supported Base-PPs either define this requirement explicitly or provide rationale for why the reader should expect that a reliable clock service should be present. Depending on the claimed Base-PP, the dependency is satisfied in the following manner: GPOS PP: The GPOS PP states that FPT_STM.1 is implicitly satisfied by the requirements of FAU_GEN.1 since that requirement could not be satisfied if no clock service was present. Additionally, a clock service is reasonably assumed to be provided by a general-purpose OS. MDF PP: The MDF PP explicitly defines FPT_STM.1. App PP: The App PP assumption A.PLATFORM assumes that the general-purpose computing platform on which the TOE is installed is ‘a trustworthy computing platform.’ System time data is not explicitly mentioned but a clock service is reasonably assumed to be provided by a general-purpose computer. MDM PP: The MDM PP assumption A.MDM_SERVER_PLATFORM assumes that the platform on which the TOE is installed will provide reliable time services. FPT_STM.1 – Reliable Time Stamps FAU_GEN.1 has a dependency on FPT_STM.1. While not explicitly stated in the PP, it is assumed that this will be provided by the underlying hardware platform on which the TOE is installed. This is because the TOE is installed as a software or firmware product that runs on general-purpose computing hardware so a hardware clock is assumed to be available. The TOE does not require any additional supplementary information to describe its entropy sources beyond the requirements outlined in the Base-PPs. As with other Base-PP requirements, the only additional requirement is that the entropy documentation also applies to the specific VPN client capabilities of the TOE in addition to the functionality required by the claimed Base-PP.

GPOS PP Protection Profile for General Purpose Operating Systems, Version 4.3, September 27, 2022 MDF PP Protection Profile for Mobile Device Fundamentals, Version 3.3, Version 3.3, September 12, 2022 MDM PP Protection Profile for Mobile Device Management, Version 4.0, April 25, 2019 App PP Protection Profile for Application Software, Version 1.4, October 2021